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Diplomacy is a complex multiplayer game that requires both cooperation and competition, posing significant challenges for AI systems. Traditional methods rely on equilibrium search to generate extensive game data for training, which demands…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Kaixuan Xu , Jiajun Chai , Sicheng Li , Yuqian Fu , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly become indispensable tools for acquiring information and supporting human decision-making. However, ensuring that these models uphold fairness across varied contexts is critical to their safe and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Xulang Zhang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria

Diplomacy is a seven-player non-stochastic, non-cooperative game, where agents acquire resources through a mix of teamwork and betrayal. Reliance on trust and coordination makes Diplomacy the first non-cooperative multi-agent benchmark for…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emergent capabilities in structured domains, suggesting they may implicitly internalize high-fidelity representations of world models. While probing techniques have shown promising signs of this in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Romain Harang , Jason Naradowsky , Yaswitha Gujju , Yusuke Miyao

The study of negotiation styles dates back to Aristotle's ethos-pathos-logos rhetoric. Prior efforts primarily studied the success of negotiation agents. Here, we shift the focus towards the styles of negotiation strategies. Our focus is…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Wenkai Li , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Andy Liu , Daniel Fried

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (RL) have led to considerable progress in many 2-player zero-sum games, such as Go, Poker and Starcraft. The purely adversarial nature of such games allows for conceptually simple and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant advances in natural language processing, yet their potential for high-stake political decision-making remains largely unexplored. This paper addresses the gap by focusing on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Yueqing Liang , Liangwei Yang , Chen Wang , Congying Xia , Rui Meng , Xiongxiao Xu , Haoran Wang , Ali Payani , Kai Shu

Current political developments worldwide illustrate that research on democratic backsliding is as important as ever. A recent exchange in Political Science & Politics (2/2024) has highlighted again a fundamental challenge in this…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Nils B. Weidmann , Mats Faulborn , David García

Strategic reasoning enables agents to cooperate, communicate, and compete with other agents in diverse situations. Existing approaches to solving strategic games rely on extensive training, yielding strategies that do not generalize to new…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-05-31 Kanishk Gandhi , Dorsa Sadigh , Noah D. Goodman

As the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) spreads across various industries, there are increasing concerns about the potential for their misuse, especially in sensitive areas such as political discourse. Deliberately aligning LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Lisa Korver , Mohamed Mostagir , Sherief Reda

The advancement of generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has a significant impact on politics and democracy, offering potential across various domains, including policymaking, political communication, analysis, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Goshi Aoki

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in open-ended scenarios is challenging because existing benchmarks and metrics can not measure them comprehensively. To address this problem, we propose to fine-tune LLMs as scalable judges (JudgeLM)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Lianghui Zhu , Xinggang Wang , Xinlong Wang

It has been established in recent work that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be prompted to "self-play" conversational games that probe certain capabilities (general instruction following, strategic goal orientation, language understanding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Anne Beyer , Kranti Chalamalasetti , Sherzod Hakimov , Brielen Madureira , Philipp Sadler , David Schlangen

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into critical real-world applications, their strategic and logical reasoning abilities are increasingly crucial. This paper evaluates LLMs' reasoning abilities in competitive environments…

Diplomacy is one of the most sophisticated activities in human society, involving complex interactions among multiple parties that require skills in social reasoning, negotiation, and long-term strategic planning. Previous AI agents have…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Zhenyu Guan , Xiangyu Kong , Fangwei Zhong , Yizhou Wang

Systematic reviews are crucial for synthesizing scientific evidence but remain labor-intensive, especially when extracting detailed methodological information. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for automating methodological…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Wenqing Zhang , Trang Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart , Yiqun T. Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to domains that require reasoning about other agents' behavior, such as negotiation, policy design, and market simulation, yet existing research has mostly evaluated their adherence to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Enric Junque de Fortuny , Veronica Roberta Cappelli

We investigate the extent to which contemporary Large Language Models (LLMs) can engage in exploration, a core capability in reinforcement learning and decision making. We focus on native performance of existing LLMs, without training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Keegan Harris , Dylan J. Foster , Cyril Zhang , Aleksandrs Slivkins

We introduce LLM CHESS, an evaluation framework designed to probe the generalization of reasoning and instruction-following abilities in large language models (LLMs) through extended agentic interaction in the domain of chess. We rank over…

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