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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a dominant architecture for scaling large language models (LLMs). However, the execution characteristics of MoE inference are changing rapidly and increasingly mismatch the assumptions underlying existing…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Jungwoo Kim , Rubens Lacouture , Genghan Zhang , Gina Sohn , Qizheng Zhang , Swapnil Gandhi , Christos Kozyrakis , Kunle Olukotun

We develop an end-to-end workflow for the training and implementation of co-designed neural networks (NNs) for efficient field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) hardware. Our approach…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-17 Javier Campos , Zhen Dong , Javier Duarte , Amir Gholami , Michael W. Mahoney , Jovan Mitrevski , Nhan Tran

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved near-human performance across diverse reasoning tasks, yet their deployment on resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices remains impractical due to massive parameter footprints and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Mingyu Sung , Vikas Palakonda , Suhwan Im , Sunghwan Moon , Il-Min Kim , Sangseok Yun , Jae-Mo Kang

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) architectures are increasingly used to scale large language models efficiently, delivering strong accuracy under fixed compute budgets. However, SMoE models often suffer from severe load imbalance across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Zijie Liu , Jie Peng , Jinhao Duan , Zirui Liu , Kaixiong Zhou , Mingfu Liang , Luke Simon , Xi Liu , Zhaozhuo Xu , Tianlong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable at small parameter scales. At the same time, conventional cloud-centric deployment introduces challenges around data privacy, latency, and cost that are acute in operational…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Harri Renney , Fouad Trad , Michael Mattarock , Zena Wood

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) models represent a significant advancement in large language model (LLM) development through their efficient parameter utilization. These models achieve substantial performance improvements at reduced…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 I-Chun Chen , Hsu-Shen Liu , Wei-Fang Sun , Chen-Hao Chao , Yen-Chang Hsu , Chun-Yi Lee

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models enhance neural network scalability by dynamically selecting relevant experts per input token, enabling larger model sizes while maintaining manageable computation costs. However, efficient training of…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale capacity via sparse activation but stress memory and bandwidth. Offloading alleviates GPU memory by fetching experts on demand, yet token-level routing causes irregular transfers that make inference…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Zhenyu Liu , Yunzhen Liu , Zehao Fan , Garrett Gagnon , Yayue Hou , Nan Wu , Yangwook Kang , Liu Liu

Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides low-latency offloading solutions for computationally intensive tasks, effectively improving the computing efficiency and battery life of mobile devices. However, for data-intensive tasks or scenarios…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xuyang Chen , Daquan Feng , Wei Jiang , Qu Luo , Gaojie Chen , Yao Sun

In today's landscape, Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a crucial architecture that has been used by many of the most advanced models. One of the major challenges of MoE models is that they usually require much more memory than their dense…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Shuning Lin , Yifan He , Yitong Chen

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) paradigm provides a powerful way to decompose dense layers into smaller, modular computations often more amenable to human interpretation, debugging, and editability. However, a major challenge lies in the…

Weight quantization effectively reduces memory consumption and enable the deployment of Large Language Models on edge devices, yet existing hardware-friendly methods often rely on uniform quantization, which suffers from poor…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Xin Nie , Liang Dong , Haicheng Zhang , Jiawang Xiao , G. Sun

As Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across various domains, deploying LLMs on edge devices has emerged as a new trend. Quantization techniques, which reduce the size and memory requirements of LLMs, are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-07 Binrui Zeng , Bin Ji , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu , Shasha Li , Jun Ma , Xiaopeng Li , Shangwen Wang , Xinran Hong , Yongtao Tang

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) is a common practice to adapt pre-trained models for specific applications. While methods like LoRA have effectively addressed GPU memory constraints during fine-tuning, their performance often falls…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Dengchun Li , Yingzi Ma , Naizheng Wang , Zhengmao Ye , Zhiyuan Cheng , Yinghao Tang , Yan Zhang , Lei Duan , Jie Zuo , Cal Yang , Mingjie Tang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models can achieve promising results with outrageous large amount of parameters but constant computation cost, and thus it has become a trend in model scaling. Still it is a mystery how MoE layers bring quality…

Low-bit quantization emerges as one of the most promising compression approaches for deploying deep neural networks on edge devices. Mixed-precision quantization leverages a mixture of bit-widths to unleash the accuracy and efficiency…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Wei Huang , Haotong Qin , Yangdong Liu , Jingzhuo Liang , Yulun Zhang , Ying Li , Xianglong Liu

Recent advancements in code large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation and understanding. It is still challenging to build a code LLM with comprehensive performance yet ultimate efficiency.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across many applications, with Mixture of Experts (MoE) models demonstrating great potential. Compared to traditional dense models, MoEs achieve better performance with less…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Zongle Huang , Lei Zhu , Zongyuan Zhan , Ting Hu , Weikai Mao , Xianzhi Yu , Yongpan Liu , Tianyu Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have shown strong potential in scaling language models efficiently by activating only a small subset of experts per input. However, their widespread deployment remains limited due to the high memory overhead…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Yushu Zhao , Zheng Wang , Minjia Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across a variety of tasks. However, their substantial scale leads to significant computational resource consumption during inference, resulting in high costs.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Zhaode Wang , Jingbang Yang , Xinyu Qian , Shiwen Xing , Xiaotang Jiang , Chengfei Lv , Shengyu Zhang
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