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We provide Ising formulations for many NP-complete and NP-hard problems, including all of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems. This collects and extends mappings to the Ising model from partitioning, covering and satisfiability. In each case,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2014-01-28 Andrew Lucas

Quantum linear system algorithms (QLSAs) have the potential to speed up algorithms that rely on solving linear systems. Interior Point Methods (IPMs) yield a fundamental family of polynomial-time algorithms for solving optimization…

In this work, we attempt to solve the integer-weight knapsack problem using the D-Wave 2000Q adiabatic quantum computer. The knapsack problem is a well-known NP-complete problem in computer science, with applications in economics, business,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-08-18 Lauren Pusey-Nazzaro , Prasanna Date

Probabilistic computing with pbits is emerging as a computational paradigm for machine learning and for facing combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) with the so-called probabilistic Ising machines (PIMs). From a hardware point of view,…

Optimization problems, particularly NP-Hard Combinatorial Optimization problems, are some of the hardest computing problems with no known polynomial time algorithm existing. Recently there has been interest in using dedicated hardware to…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2020-10-15 Saavan Patel , Lili Chen , Philip Canoza , Sayeef Salahuddin

The prospect of quantum solutions for complicated optimization problems is contingent on mapping the original problem onto a tractable quantum energy landscape, e.g. an Ising-type Hamiltonian. Subsequently, techniques like adiabatic…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-17 Sebastian Egginger , Kristina Kirova , Sonja Bruckner , Stefan Hillmich , Richard Kueng

A prominent approach to solving combinatorial optimization problems on parallel hardware is Ising machines, i.e., hardware implementations of networks of interacting binary spin variables. Most Ising machines leverage second-order…

We consider the 0-1 Incremental Knapsack Problem (IKP) where the capacity grows over time periods and if an item is placed in the knapsack in a certain period, it cannot be removed afterwards. The contribution of a packed item in each time…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-01-16 Federico Della Croce , Ulrich Pferschy , Rosario Scatamacchia

Quantum algorithms have shown promise in solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, benefiting from their connection to the transverse field Ising model. Various Ising solvers, both classical and quantum, have…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-09-16 Zedong Peng , Daniel de Roux , David E. Bernal Neira

The standard approach to encoding constraints in quantum optimization is the quadratic penalty method. Quadratic penalties introduce additional couplings and energy scales, which can be detrimental to the performance of a quantum optimizer.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-17 Puya Mirkarimi , David C. Hoyle , Ross Williams , Nicholas Chancellor

Ising machines, which are dynamical systems designed to operate in a parallel and iterative manner, have emerged as a new paradigm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Despite computational advantages, the quality of solutions…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-01-30 Shu Zhou , K. Y. Michael Wong , Juntao Wang , David Shui Wing Hui , Daniel Ebler , Jie Sun

Ising solvers offer a promising physics-based approach to tackle the challenging class of combinatorial optimization problems. However, typical solvers operate in a quadratic energy space, having only pair-wise coupling elements which…

It is imperative to compile quantum circuits for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices because of the limited connectivity of physical qubits and the high error rates of gate operations. One of the most critical steps in quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-07 Soshun Naito , Yoshihiko Hasegawa , Yoshiki Matsuda , Shu Tanaka

Verification of binary neural network (BNN) robustness is NP-hard, as it can be formulated as a combinatorial search for an adversarial perturbation that induces misclassification. Exact verification methods therefore scale poorly with…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Madhav Vadlamani , Rahul Singh , Yuyao Kong , Zheng Zhang , Shimeng Yu

Hard combinatorial optimization problems, often mapped to Ising models, promise potential solutions with quantum advantage but are constrained by limited qubit counts in near-term devices. We present an innovative quantum-inspired framework…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-25 Co Tran , Quoc-Bao Tran , Hy Truong Son , Thang N Dinh

To enhance the performance of quantum annealing machines, several methods have been proposed to reduce the number of spins by fixing spin values through preprocessing. We proposed a hybrid optimization method that combines a simulated…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-07-22 Shuta Kikuchi , Nozomu Togawa , Shu Tanaka

Stochastic Ising machines, sIMs, are highly promising accelerators for optimization and sampling of computational problems that can be formulated as an Ising model. Here we investigate the computational advantage of sIM for simulations of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-06 Rutger J. L. F. Berns , Davi R. Rodrigues , Giovanni Finocchio , Johan H. Mentink

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a broad class of optimization problems with many practical applications. To solve its hard instances in an exact way, known classical algorithms require exponential time and several…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-01-21 Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

A spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) handles large-scale combinatorial optimization problems owing to optical processing with spatial parallelism. However, iterative feedback in the search for optimal solutions limits processing speed…

光学 · 物理学 2025-02-27 Suguru Shimomura , Jun Tanida , Yusuke Ogura

Exponentially small spectral gaps are known to be the crucial bottleneck for traditional Quantum Annealing (QA) based on interpolating between two Hamiltonians, a simple driving term and the complex problem to be solved, with a linear…