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In Large Language Models (LLMs), the number of parameters has grown exponentially in the past few years, e.g., from 1.5 billion parameters in GPT-2 to 175 billion in GPT-3 to possibly more than trillion in higher versions. This raises a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Mahmoud Elgenedy

The post-training quantization (PTQ) challenge of bringing quantized neural net accuracy close to original has drawn much attention driven by industry demand. Many of the methods emphasize optimization of a specific degree-of-freedom (DoF),…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-03-21 Alex Finkelstein , Ella Fuchs , Idan Tal , Mark Grobman , Niv Vosco , Eldad Meller

Memory-efficient finetuning of large language models (LLMs) has recently attracted huge attention with the increasing size of LLMs, primarily due to the constraints posed by GPU memory limitations and the effectiveness of these methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-24 Baohao Liao , Christian Herold , Shahram Khadivi , Christof Monz

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized for complex tasks requiring longer context lengths, with some models supporting up to 128K or 1M tokens. This trend, however, presents significant challenges in inference speed and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Zongwu Wang , Peng Xu , Fangxin Liu , Yiwei Hu , Qingxiao Sun , Gezi Li , Cheng Li , Xuan Wang , Li Jiang , Haibing Guan

Large language models have shown exceptional capabilities in a wide range of tasks, such as text generation and video generation, among others. However, due to their massive parameter count, these models often require substantial storage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Qian Tao , Wenyuan Yu , Jingren Zhou

As the rapid scaling of large language models (LLMs) poses significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained devices, there is growing interest in extremely low-bit quantization, such as 2-bit. Although prior works have shown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Jung Hyun Lee , Seungjae Shin , Vinnam Kim , Jaeseong You , An Chen

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are essential in computer vision but are computationally intensive, too. Model quantization, particularly to low bit-widths like 4-bit, aims to alleviate this difficulty, yet existing Post-Training Quantization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Guang Liang , Xinyao Liu , Jianxin Wu

Model compression methods are used to reduce the computation and energy requirements for Large Language Models (LLMs). Quantization Aware Training (QAT), an effective model compression method, is proposed to reduce performance degradation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 He Li , Jianhang Hong , Yuanzhuo Wu , Snehal Adbol , Zonglin Li

Despite the superior performance, Large Language Models~(LLMs) require significant computational resources for deployment and use. To overcome this issue, quantization methods have been widely applied to reduce the memory footprint of LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-27 Peiyu Liu , Zikang Liu , Ze-Feng Gao , Dawei Gao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Ji-Rong Wen

Pre-trained Transformer models such as BERT have shown great success in a wide range of applications, but at the cost of substantial increases in model complexity. Quantization-aware training (QAT) is a promising method to lower the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-24 Minsoo Kim , Kyuhong Shim , Seongmin Park , Wonyong Sung , Jungwook Choi

Current quantum computers require algorithms that use limited resources economically. In quantum machine learning, success hinges on quantum feature maps, which embed classical data into the state space of qubits. We introduce Quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-07 Jonas Jäger , Philipp Elsässer , Elham Torabian

A natural and intuitive idea in model quantization is to approximate each component's quantized output to match its original. Motivated by this idea, most layer-wise post-training quantization (PTQ) methods focus on weight approximation at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Li Lin , Xiaojun Wan

The proliferation of edge devices has unlocked unprecedented opportunities for deep learning model deployment in computer vision applications. However, these complex models require considerable power, memory and compute resources that are…

While neural networks have advanced the frontiers in many machine learning applications, they often come at a high computational cost. Reducing the power and latency of neural network inference is vital to integrating modern networks into…

Large language models (LLMs) are crucial in modern natural language processing and artificial intelligence. However, they face challenges in managing their significant memory requirements. Although quantization-aware training (QAT) offers a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Mengzhao Chen , Wenqi Shao , Peng Xu , Jiahao Wang , Peng Gao , Kaipeng Zhang , Ping Luo

Quantized Large Language Models (LLMs) are used more often in qualitative analysis because they run fast and need fewer computing resources. This study examines how different lower bits quantization levels (8-bit, 4-bit, 3-bit, and 2-bit)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Aisvarya Adeseye , Jouni Isoaho , Adeyemi Adeseye

Post-training model quantization is a widely adopted technique for reducing the memory and computational costs of large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods rely on uniform or heuristic bitwidth assignments, failing to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Chao Zhang , Li Wang , Samson Lasaulce , Merouane Debbah

Democratization of AI is an important topic within the broader topic of the digital divide. This issue is relevant to LLMs, which are becoming popular as AI co-pilots but suffer from a lack of accessibility due to high computational demand.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Enkhbold Nyamsuren

Transformer-based models, such as BERT, have been widely applied in a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, one inevitable side effect is that they require massive memory storage and inference cost when deployed in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Jianwei Li , Tianchi Zhang , Ian En-Hsu Yen , Dongkuan Xu

With the commercialization of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization has emerged to compress and accelerate LLMs, achieving high throughput while reducing inference costs. However, existing post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Jung Hyun Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , June Yong Yang , Se Jung Kwon , Eunho Yang , Kang Min Yoo , Dongsoo Lee