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Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown surprising performance in task-specific workloads as well as general tasks with the given prompts. However, to achieve unprecedented performance, recent LLMs use billions to trillions of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Geonhwa Jeong , Po-An Tsai , Stephen W. Keckler , Tushar Krishna

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation but come with significant computational costs, posing challenges for deployment in resource-constrained environments. Recent post-training quantization (PTQ) methods have…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Dongyeun Lee , Jiwan Hur , Hyounguk Shon , Jae Young Lee , Junmo Kim

Quantization is a technique used in deep neural networks (DNNs) to increase execution performance and hardware efficiency. Uniform post-training quantization (PTQ) methods are common, since they can be implemented efficiently in hardware…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-29 Gil Shomron , Freddy Gabbay , Samer Kurzum , Uri Weiser

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in image synthesis and related generative tasks. Nevertheless, their practicality for real-world applications is constrained by substantial computational costs and latency issues.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Yefei He , Jing Liu , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou , Bohan Zhuang

How to efficiently serve ever-larger trained natural language models in practice has become exceptionally challenging even for powerful cloud servers due to their prohibitive memory/computation requirements. In this work, we present an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-07 Zhewei Yao , Reza Yazdani Aminabadi , Minjia Zhang , Xiaoxia Wu , Conglong Li , Yuxiong He

Post-training quantization (PTQ) reduces the memory footprint of LLMs by quantizing weights to low-precision datatypes. Since LLM inference is usually memory-bound, PTQ methods can improve inference throughput. Recent state-of-the-art PTQ…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Albert Tseng , Qingyao Sun , David Hou , Christopher De Sa

Federated fine-tuning of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) enables task-specific adaptation across diverse datasets while preserving privacy. However, challenges such as high computational and memory demands, heterogeneous client…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Yang Su , Na Yan , Yansha Deng , Mischa Dohler , Robert Schober

Quantized Large Language Models (LLMs) are used more often in qualitative analysis because they run fast and need fewer computing resources. This study examines how different lower bits quantization levels (8-bit, 4-bit, 3-bit, and 2-bit)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Aisvarya Adeseye , Jouni Isoaho , Adeyemi Adeseye

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in natural language processing, showcasing exceptional performance across various tasks. However, the expensive memory and computational requirements present significant…

Post Training Quantization (PTQ), a mainstream model compression technique, often leads to the paradoxical 'low error, high loss' phenomenon because it focuses solely on minimizing quantization error. The root cause lies in the Hessian…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Jinhao Zhang Yunquan Zhang , Zicheng yan , Boyang Zhang , Jun Sun , Daning Cheng

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as an effective technique for compressing large models and accelerating inference without retraining. While PTQ has been extensively studied in large language models (LLMs), its application to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yufei Xue , Yushi Huang , Jiawei Shao , Lunjie Zhu , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li , Jun Zhang

Democratization of AI is an important topic within the broader topic of the digital divide. This issue is relevant to LLMs, which are becoming popular as AI co-pilots but suffer from a lack of accessibility due to high computational demand.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Enkhbold Nyamsuren

The increasing scale of Transformer models has led to an increase in their pre-training computational requirements. While quantization has proven to be effective after pre-training and during fine-tuning, applying quantization in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Kamran Chitsaz , Quentin Fournier , Gonçalo Mordido , Sarath Chandar

The benefits of most large language models come with steep and often hidden economic and environmental costs due to their resource usage inefficiency during deployment. Model quantization improves energy and memory efficiency through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Deyu Cao , Yixin Yin , Samin Aref

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising technique to reduce the cost of large language models (LLMs). Specifically, PTQ can effectively mitigate memory consumption and reduce computational overhead in LLMs. To meet the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Shiyao Li , Xuefei Ning , Luning Wang , Tengxuan Liu , Xiangsheng Shi , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

The burgeoning computational demands for training large language models (LLMs) necessitate efficient methods, including quantized training, which leverages low-bit arithmetic operations to reduce costs. While FP8 precision has shown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Jiecheng Zhou , Ding Tang , Rong Fu , Boni Hu , Haoran Xu , Yi Wang , Zhilin Pei , Zhongling Su , Liang Liu , Xingcheng Zhang , Weiming Zhang

The exponentially large discrete search space in mixed-precision quantization (MPQ) makes it hard to determine the optimal bit-width for each layer. Previous works usually resort to iterative search methods on the training set, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-07 Chen Tang , Kai Ouyang , Zhi Wang , Yifei Zhu , Yaowei Wang , Wen Ji , Wenwu Zhu

The inference of Large language models (LLMs) requires immense computation and memory resources. To curtail these costs, quantisation has merged as a promising solution, but existing LLM quantisation mainly focuses on 8-bit. In this work,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Cheng Zhang , Jianyi Cheng , Ilia Shumailov , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) deliver strong performance, but their high compute and memory costs make deployment difficult in resource-constrained scenarios. Weight-only post-training quantization (PTQ) is appealing, as it reduces memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Xianglong Yan , ChengZhu Bao , Zhiteng Li , Tianao Zhang , Shaoqiu Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Samm Sun , Yulun Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is essential for deploying large diffusion transformers on resource-constrained hardware, but aggressive 4-bit quantization significantly degrades generative performance. Low-rank approximation methods have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yann Bouquet , Alireza Khodamoradi , Sophie Yáng Shen , Kristof Denolf , Mathieu Salzmann