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Penetration testing is a critical technique for identifying security vulnerabilities, traditionally performed manually by skilled security specialists. This complex process involves gathering information about the target system, identifying…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Xiangmin Shen , Lingzhi Wang , Zhenyuan Li , Yan Chen , Wencheng Zhao , Dawei Sun , Jiashui Wang , Wei Ruan

Penetration testing is essential for assessing and strengthening system security against real-world threats, yet traditional workflows remain highly manual, expertise-intensive, and difficult to scale. Although recent advances in Large…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Ruozhao Yang , Mingfei Cheng , Gelei Deng , Tianwei Zhang , Junjie Wang , Xiaofei Xie

Penetration testing, a crucial industrial practice for ensuring system security, has traditionally resisted automation due to the extensive expertise required by human professionals. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant…

Penetration testing and vulnerability assessment are essential industry practices for safeguarding computer systems. As cyber threats grow in scale and complexity, the demand for pentesting has surged, surpassing the capacity of human…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Yasod Ginige , Akila Niroshan , Sajal Jain , Suranga Seneviratne

As reinforcement learning continues to scale the training of large language model-based agents, reliably verifying agent behaviors in complex environments has become increasingly challenging. Existing approaches rely on rule-based verifiers…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Wentao Shi , Yu Wang , Yuyang Zhao , Yuxin Chen , Fuli Feng , Xueyuan Hao , Xi Su , Qi Gu , Hui Su , Xunliang Cai , Xiangnan He

In our research, we introduce a new concept called "LLM Augmented Pentesting" demonstrated with a tool named "Pentest Copilot," that revolutionizes the field of ethical hacking by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into penetration…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Dhruva Goyal , Sitaraman Subramanian , Aditya Peela , Nisha P. Shetty

Generative AI agents, software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), are emerging as a promising approach to automate cybersecurity tasks. Among the others, penetration testing is a challenging field due to the task complexity…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Luca Gioacchini , Marco Mellia , Idilio Drago , Alexander Delsanto , Giuseppe Siracusano , Roberto Bifulco

AI pentesting agents are increasingly credible as offensive security systems, but current benchmarks still provide limited guidance on which will perform best in real-world targets. Existing evaluation protocols assess and optimize for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Pedro Conde , Henrique Branquinho , Valerio Mazzone , Bruno Mendes , André Baptista , Nuno Moniz

Given the rapid progress of generative AI, there is a pressing need to systematically compare and choose between the numerous models and configurations available. The scale and versatility of such evaluations make the use of LLM-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Ariel Gera , Odellia Boni , Yotam Perlitz , Roy Bar-Haim , Lilach Eden , Asaf Yehudai

From automated intrusion testing to discovery of zero-day attacks before software launch, agentic AI calls for great promises in security engineering. This strong capability is bound with a similar threat: the security and research…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Brian Challita , Pierre Parrend

Large language models (LLM) are perceived to offer promising potentials for automating security tasks, such as those found in security operation centers (SOCs). As a first step towards evaluating this perceived potential, we investigate the…

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited great potential in autonomously completing tasks across real-world applications. Despite this, these LLM agents introduce unexpected safety risks when operating in interactive environments.…

Automating penetration testing is crucial for enhancing cybersecurity, yet current Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant limitations in this domain, including poor error handling, inefficient reasoning, and an inability to perform…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 He Kong , Die Hu , Jingguo Ge , Liangxiong Li , Hui Li , Tong Li

As large language models (LLMs) grow in capability and autonomy, evaluating their outputs-especially in open-ended and complex tasks-has become a critical bottleneck. A new paradigm is emerging: using AI agents as the evaluators themselves.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Fangyi Yu

Recent advances in LLM agentic systems have improved the automation of offensive security tasks, particularly for Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges. We systematically investigate the key factors that drive agent success and provide a…

As LLM-based agents increasingly operate in high-stakes domains with real-world consequences, ensuring their behavioral safety becomes paramount. The dominant oversight paradigm, LLM-as-a-Judge, faces a fundamental dilemma: how can…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Jiayi Zhou , Yang Sheng , Hantao Lou , Yaodong Yang , Jie Fu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as judges to evaluate agent performance, particularly in non-verifiable settings where judgments rely on agent trajectories including chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. This paradigm…

The LLM-as-a-Judge paradigm shows promise for evaluating generative content but lacks reliability in reasoning-intensive scenarios, such as programming. Inspired by recent advances in reasoning models and shifts in scaling laws, we pioneer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Yutong Wang , Pengliang Ji , Chaoqun Yang , Kaixin Li , Ming Hu , Jiaoyang Li , Guillaume Sartoretti

Scaling test-time computation, or affording a generator large language model (LLM) extra compute during inference, typically employs the help of external non-generative evaluators (i.e., reward models). Concurrently, LLM-judges, models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Yilun Zhou , Austin Xu , Peifeng Wang , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Contemporary evaluation techniques are inadequate for agentic systems. These approaches either focus exclusively on final outcomes -- ignoring the step-by-step nature of agentic systems, or require excessive manual labour. To address this,…

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