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Although outcome-based reinforcement learning (RL) significantly advances the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), its reliance on computationally expensive ground-truth annotations imposes a severe…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Zelin Zhang , Fei Cheng , Chenhui Chu

Associative thinking--the ability to connect seemingly unrelated ideas--is a foundational element of human creativity and problem-solving. This paper explores whether reinforcement learning (RL) guided by associative thinking principles can…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Mukul Singh , Ananya Singha , Aishni Parab , Pronita Mehrotra , Sumit Gulwani

In recent years, training methods centered on Reinforcement Learning (RL) have markedly enhanced the reasoning and alignment performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in understanding human intents, following user…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Keliang Liu , Dingkang Yang , Ziyun Qian , Weijie Yin , Yuchi Wang , Hongsheng Li , Jun Liu , Peng Zhai , Yang Liu , Lihua Zhang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables learning control policies by utilizing only prior experience, without any online interaction. This can allow robots to acquire generalizable skills from large and diverse datasets, without any…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-24 Aviral Kumar , Anikait Singh , Stephen Tian , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

While traditional methods for instruction-following typically assume prior linguistic and perceptual knowledge, many recent works in reinforcement learning (RL) have proposed learning policies end-to-end, typically by training neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-28 John Kanu , Eadom Dessalene , Xiaomin Lin , Cornelia Fermuller , Yiannis Aloimonos

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), significantly enhancing their reasoning abilities in domains such as mathematics and code generation. A crucial factor influencing RL fine-tuning…

Training large language models with reinforcement learning (RL) against verifiable rewards significantly enhances their reasoning abilities, yet remains computationally expensive due to inefficient uniform prompt sampling. We introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Ruiqi Zhang , Daman Arora , Song Mei , Andrea Zanette

Recent unsupervised pre-training methods have shown to be effective on language and vision domains by learning useful representations for multiple downstream tasks. In this paper, we investigate if such unsupervised pre-training methods can…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-20 Younggyo Seo , Kimin Lee , Stephen James , Pieter Abbeel

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a framework for solving sequential decision-making problems. In this work, we demonstrate that, surprisingly, RL emerges during the inference time of large language models (LLMs), a phenomenon we term…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Kefan Song , Amir Moeini , Peng Wang , Lei Gong , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang , Yanjun Qi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has played a central role in the recent surge of LLMs' math abilities by enabling self-improvement through binary verifier signals. In contrast, Supervised Learning (SL) is rarely considered for such…

Our work aims at efficiently leveraging ambiguous demonstrations for the training of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent. An ambiguous demonstration can usually be interpreted in multiple ways, which severely hinders the RL-Agent from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-09 Yantian Zha , Lin Guan , Subbarao Kambhampati

Reinforcement learning (RL) has enabled machine learning models to achieve significant advances in many fields. Most recently, RL has empowered frontier language models to solve challenging math, science, and coding problems. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Mihir Prabhudesai , Lili Chen , Alex Ippoliti , Katerina Fragkiadaki , Hao Liu , Deepak Pathak

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable abilities by integrating large language models with visual inputs. However, they often fail to utilize visual evidence adequately, either depending on linguistic priors in vision-centric…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Xiaojun Guo , Runyu Zhou , Yifei Wang , Qi Zhang , Chenheng Zhang , Stefanie Jegelka , Xiaohan Wang , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Yisen Wang

Recent advances in Large Language Models(LLMs) have enabled strong performance in long-form writing, but current training paradigms remain limited: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) remains constrained by data saturation and performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Xuanyu Lei , Chenliang Li , Yuning Wu , Kaiming Liu , Weizhou Shen , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Ya-Qin Zhang , Yang Liu

Language model (LM) post-training relies on two stages of human supervision: task demonstrations for supervised finetuning (SFT), followed by preference comparisons for reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). As LMs become more…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Yaowen Ye , Cassidy Laidlaw , Jacob Steinhardt

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) via Supervised Learning is a simple and effective way to learn robotic skills from a dataset collected by policies of different expertise levels. It is as simple as supervised learning and Behavior…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-10-25 Alexandre Piche , Rafael Pardinas , David Vazquez , Igor Mordatch , Chris Pal

Reinforcement learning (RL) promises a framework for near-universal problem-solving. In practice however, RL algorithms are often tailored to specific benchmarks, relying on carefully tuned hyperparameters and algorithmic choices. Recently,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Scott Fujimoto , Pierluca D'Oro , Amy Zhang , Yuandong Tian , Michael Rabbat

Scaling up self-supervised learning has driven breakthroughs in language and vision, yet comparable progress has remained elusive in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we study building blocks for self-supervised RL that unlock…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Kevin Wang , Ishaan Javali , Michał Bortkiewicz , Tomasz Trzciński , Benjamin Eysenbach

Large language models (LLMs) excel in tasks like question answering and dialogue, but complex tasks requiring interaction, such as negotiation and persuasion, require additional long-horizon reasoning and planning. Reinforcement learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Joey Hong , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated promising gains in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models. However, its dependence on domain-specific verifiers significantly restricts its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Chongxuan Huang , Lei Lin , Xiaodong Shi , Wenping Hu , Ruiming Tang