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Test-time augmentation, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) or tool use, critically depends on an interplay between a model's parametric knowledge and externally retrieved information. However, the theoretical underpinnings of this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Avrim Blum , Daniel Hsu , Cyrus Rashtchian , Donya Saless

We introduce a novel retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework tailored for multihop question answering. First, our system uses large language model (LLM) to decompose complex multihop questions into a sequence of single-hop…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Seokgi Lee

Recommender systems have become increasingly vital in our daily lives, helping to alleviate the problem of information overload across various user-oriented online services. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has yielded…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan , Yue Feng , Shanru Lin , Xinyu Ma , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective paradigm for expanding the knowledge capacity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources into the generation process, and has been…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Xu Yuan , Liangbo Ning , Qingqing Ye , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Inductive Knowledge Graph Reasoning (KGR) aims to discover facts in open-domain KGs containing unknown entities and relations, which poses a challenge for KGR models in comprehending uncertain KG components. Existing studies have proposed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Xingrui Zhuo , Jiapu Wang , Gongqing Wu , Zhongyuan Wang , Jichen Zhang , Shirui Pan , Xindong Wu

Long-Context Question Answering (LCQA), a challenging task, aims to reason over long-context documents to yield accurate answers to questions. Existing long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) for LCQA often struggle with the "lost in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Qingfei Zhao , Ruobing Wang , Yukuo Cen , Daren Zha , Shicheng Tan , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet exhibit critical limitations in knowledge-intensive tasks, often generating hallucinations when faced with questions requiring…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Yilin Xiao , Chuang Zhou , Yujing Zhang , Qinggang Zhang , Su Dong , Shengyuan Chen , Chang Yang , Xiao Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive generation capabilities, but they suffer from hallucinations when solely relying on their internal knowledge, especially when answering questions that require less commonly known…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Tong Niu , Yao Wan , Philip S. Yu , Shafiq Joty , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of applications through their powerful capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, as LLMs are trained on static corpora, they face difficulties in addressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Yongjie Wang , Yue Yu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are tools that have become indispensable in development and programming. However, they suffer from hallucinations, especially when dealing with unknown knowledge. This is particularly the case when LLMs are to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Andreas Baumann , Peter Eberhard

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework for enhancing the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating retrieval-based methods with generative models. As external knowledge repositories…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Shuyi Liu , Yuming Shang , Xi Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in jointly understanding text, images, and videos, often evaluated via Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, even state-of-the-art MLLMs struggle with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Alberto Compagnoni , Marco Morini , Sara Sarto , Federico Cocchi , Davide Caffagni , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with knowledge intensive NLP tasks, such as answering "Who won the latest World Cup?" because the knowledge they learn during training may be insufficient or outdated. Conditioning generation on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Matthew Finlayson , Ilia Kulikov , Daniel M. Bikel , Barlas Oguz , Xilun Chen , Aasish Pappu

A Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) model powered by a large language model (LLM) provides a faster and more cost-effective solution for adapting to new data and knowledge. It also delivers more specialized responses compared to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Zheng Zheng , Xinyi Ni , Pengyu Hong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential across various domains. However, they often struggle with integrating external knowledge and performing complex reasoning, leading to hallucinations and unreliable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Yao Cheng , Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Yao Liu , Xing Sun , Xiang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating them with an external knowledge base to improve the answer relevance and accuracy. In real-world scenarios, beyond pure text, a substantial amount of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Jiaru Zou , Dongqi Fu , Sirui Chen , Xinrui He , Zihao Li , Yada Zhu , Jiawei Han , Jingrui He

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities, yet struggle with hallucination and outdated knowledge when tasked with complex knowledge reasoning, resulting in factually incorrect outputs. Previous studies have attempted…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Derong Xu , Xinhang Li , Ziheng Zhang , Zhenxi Lin , Zhihong Zhu , Zhi Zheng , Xian Wu , Xiangyu Zhao , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs) to address knowledge-intensive queries requiring domain-specific or up-to-date information. To handle complex multi-hop questions that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Yuxin Wang , Shicheng Fang , Bo Wang , Qi Luo , Xuanjing Huang , Yining Zheng , Xipeng Qiu