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From an optimizer's perspective, achieving the global optimum for a general nonconvex problem is often provably NP-hard using the classical worst-case analysis. In the case of Cox's proportional hazards model, by taking its statistical…

Imbalance in covariate distributions leads to biased estimates of causal effects. Weighting methods attempt to correct this imbalance but rely on specifying models for the treatment assignment mechanism, which is unknown in observational…

We study zeroth-order optimisation under context distributional uncertainty, a setting commonly tackled using Bayesian optimisation (BO). A prevailing strategy to make BO more robust to the complex and noisy nature of data is to employ an…

Existing studies on preference optimization (PO) have centered on constructing pairwise preference data following simple heuristics, such as maximizing the margin between preferred and dispreferred completions based on human (or AI) ranked…

The multivariate sequential ordinal model is investigated for use in the Bayesian analysis of spatio-temporal ordinal data. The sequential ordinal model likelihood is equivalent to a binary model conditional on unknown regression…

Ordinal regression with anchored reference samples (ORARS) has been proposed for predicting the subjective Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of input stimuli automatically. The ORARS addresses the MOS prediction problem by pairing a test sample with…

Causal Bayesian Optimization (CBO) is a methodology designed to optimize an outcome variable by leveraging known causal relationships through targeted interventions. Traditional CBO methods require a fully and accurately specified causal…

In conventional randomized controlled trials, adjustment for baseline values of covariates known to be at least moderately associated with the outcome increases the power of the trial. Recent work has shown particular benefit for more…

Modern clinical trials and cohort studies gather low-cost data on all participants but may have limited resources to assess expensive exposures such as biomarkers or genomic data. When interest lies in associations involving expensive…

Bayesian quadrature optimization (BQO) maximizes the expectation of an expensive black-box integrand taken over a known probability distribution. In this work, we study BQO under distributional uncertainty in which the underlying…

We propose a practical Bayesian optimization method using Gaussian process regression, of which the marginal likelihood is maximized where the number of model selection steps is guided by a pre-defined threshold. Since Bayesian optimization…

Inverse optimization (IO) is used to estimate unknown parameters of an optimization model from observed decisions. In the data-driven context, the estimated parameters are inherently uncertain, yet quantifying this uncertainty has received…

Logistic regression is the most commonly used method for constructing predictive models for binary responses. One significant drawback to this approach, however, is that the asymptotes of the logistic response function are fixed at 0 and 1,…

Case-control sampling is a commonly used retrospective sampling design to alleviate imbalanced structure of binary data. When fitting the logistic regression model with case-control data, although the slope parameter of the model can be…

Model-based sequential approaches to discrete "black-box" optimization, including Bayesian optimization techniques, often access the same points multiple times for a given objective function in interest, resulting in many steps to find the…

Clinical prediction models (CPMs) are used to predict clinically relevant outcomes or events. Typically, prognostic CPMs are derived to predict the risk of a single future outcome. However, with rising emphasis on the prediction of…

Causal inference necessarily relies upon untestable assumptions; hence, it is crucial to assess the robustness of obtained results to violations of identification assumptions. However, such sensitivity analysis is only occasionally…

Performative prediction aims to model scenarios where predictive outcomes subsequently influence the very systems they target. The pursuit of a performative optimum (PO) -- minimizing performative risk -- is generally reliant on modeling of…

Evaluating query predicates on data samples is the only way to estimate their selectivity in certain scenarios. Finding a guaranteed optimal query plan is not a reasonable optimization goal in those cases as it might require an infinite…

We study the problem of preferential Bayesian optimization (BO), where we aim to optimize a black-box function with only preference feedback over a pair of candidate solutions. Inspired by the likelihood ratio idea, we construct a…