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The quadratic complexity of dot-product attention introduced in Transformer remains a fundamental bottleneck impeding the progress of foundation models toward unbounded context lengths. Addressing this challenge, we introduce the Deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Yifan Zhang

Transformers have emerged as a powerful neural network architecture capable of tackling a wide range of learning tasks. In this work, we provide a theoretical analysis of their ability to automatically extract structure from data in an…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-29 Rodrigo Maulen-Soto , Pierre Marion , Claire Boyer

Following the success of dot-product attention in Transformers, numerous approximations have been recently proposed to address its quadratic complexity with respect to the input length. While these variants are memory and compute efficient,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-15 Ankit Gupta , Guy Dar , Shaya Goodman , David Ciprut , Jonathan Berant

Following the success of dot-product attention in Transformers, numerous approximations have been recently proposed to address its quadratic complexity with respect to the input length. However, all approximations thus far have ignored the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-19 Ankit Gupta , Jonathan Berant

The rapid adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised significant environmental concerns. Unlike the one-time cost of training, LLM inference occurs continuously and dominates the AI energy footprint. Yet most sustainability studies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Hemang Jain , Shailender Goyal , Divyansh Pandey , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

This work introduces an efficient method to scale Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) to infinitely long inputs with bounded memory and computation. A key component in our proposed approach is a new attention technique dubbed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Tsendsuren Munkhdalai , Manaal Faruqui , Siddharth Gopal

Since their introduction the Trasformer architectures emerged as the dominating architectures for both natural language processing and, more recently, computer vision applications. An intrinsic limitation of this family of "fully-attentive"…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-16 Carmelo Scribano , Giorgia Franchini , Marco Prato , Marko Bertogna

Existing research largely attributes the global sequence modeling capability of Transformers to the explicit computation of attention weights, a process that inherently incurs quadratic computational complexity. In this work, we offer a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Ruize He , Dongchen Han , Gao Huang

Transformer architectures, underpinned by the self-attention mechanism, have achieved state-of-the-art results across numerous natural language processing (NLP) tasks by effectively modeling long-range dependencies. However, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Andrew Kiruluta , Priscilla Burity , Samantha Williams

Transformer plays a central role in many fundamental deep learning models, e.g., the ViT in computer vision and the BERT and GPT in natural language processing, whose effectiveness is mainly attributed to its multi-head attention (MHA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Shen Yuan , Hongteng Xu

Transformers have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in speech separation. These models, however, are computationally demanding and require a lot of learnable parameters. This paper explores Transformer-based speech separation…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-01-17 Luca Della Libera , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli , Samuele Cornell , Frédéric Lepoutre , François Grondin

Models based on the Transformer architecture have achieved better accuracy than the ones based on competing architectures for a large set of tasks. A unique feature of the Transformer is its universal application of a self-attention…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-01 Nan Ding , Xinjie Fan , Zhenzhong Lan , Dale Schuurmans , Radu Soricut

Transformer tends to overallocate attention to irrelevant context. In this work, we introduce Diff Transformer, which amplifies attention to the relevant context while canceling noise. Specifically, the differential attention mechanism…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Tianzhu Ye , Li Dong , Yuqing Xia , Yutao Sun , Yi Zhu , Gao Huang , Furu Wei

Linear attention has emerged as a promising alternative to softmax-based attention, leveraging kernelized feature maps to reduce complexity from quadratic to linear in sequence length. However, the non-negative constraint on feature maps…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Weikang Meng , Yadan Luo , Xin Li , Dongmei Jiang , Zheng Zhang

Transformer has been widely-used in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks and the scaled dot-product attention between tokens is a core module of Transformer. This attention is a token-wise design and its complexity is quadratic to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-08-13 Shuai Zhang , Peng Zhang , Xindian Ma , Junqiu Wei , Ningning Wang , Qun Liu

Transformers have achieved success in both language and vision domains. However, it is prohibitively expensive to scale them to long sequences such as long documents or high-resolution images, because self-attention mechanism has quadratic…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-08 Chen Zhu , Wei Ping , Chaowei Xiao , Mohammad Shoeybi , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Transformers have had tremendous impact for several sequence related tasks, largely due to their ability to retrieve from any part of the sequence via softmax based dot-product attention. This mechanism plays a crucial role in Transformer's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Sai Surya Duvvuri , Inderjit S. Dhillon

The attention operator is arguably the key distinguishing factor of transformer architectures, which have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on a variety of tasks. However, transformer attention operators often impose a significant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Ziyang Wu , Tianjiao Ding , Yifu Lu , Druv Pai , Jingyuan Zhang , Weida Wang , Yaodong Yu , Yi Ma , Benjamin D. Haeffele

In the current landscape of large models, the Transformer stands as a cornerstone, playing a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of modern models. However, its application encounters challenges attributed to the substantial computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-03 Gaoxiang Duan , Junkai Zhang , Xiaoying Zheng , Yongxin Zhu , Victor Chang

Pairwise dot product-based attention allows Transformers to exchange information between tokens in an input-dependent way, and is key to their success across diverse applications in language and vision. However, a typical Transformer model…