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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning and planning when trained on chainof-thought (CoT) data, where the step-by-step thought process is explicitly outlined by text tokens. However, this results in lengthy inputs where many words…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 DiJia Su , Hanlin Zhu , Yingchen Xu , Jiantao Jiao , Yuandong Tian , Qinqing Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a range of natural language processing tasks. However, recent advances demonstrate that further gains particularly in complex reasoning tasks require more than merely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Wei Huang , Yizhe Xiong , Xin Ye , Zhijie Deng , Hui Chen , Zijia Lin , Guiguang Ding

Cross-lingual chain-of-thought (XCoT) with self-consistency markedly enhances multilingual reasoning, yet existing methods remain costly due to extensive sampling of full trajectories across languages. Moreover, multilingual LLM…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Chenyuan Zhang , Qiguang Chen , Xie Chen , Zhuotao Tian , Bowen Xing , Meishan Zhang , Libo Qin , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Speculative decoding is an emerging technique that accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by allowing a smaller draft model to predict multiple tokens in advance, which are then verified or corrected by a larger target model. In…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-11-10 Ce Zheng , Tingting Yang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enhances the decision-making capabilities of vision-language-action models in autonomous driving, but its autoregressive nature introduces significant inference latency, making it impractical for real-time…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Yi Gu , Yan Wang , Yuxiao Chen , Yurong You , Wenjie Luo , Yue Wang , Wenhao Ding , Boyi Li , Heng Yang , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit strong linguistic abilities while remaining unreliable on multi-step reasoning tasks, particularly when deployed without additional training or fine-tuning. In this work, we study inference-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Vinay Sharma , Manish Jain

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve remarkable inference-time improvements through parallel thinking. However, existing methods rely on redundant sampling of reasoning trajectories, failing to effectively explore the reasoning space to…

Generating intermediate steps, or Chain of Thought (CoT), is an effective way to significantly improve language models' (LM) multi-step reasoning capability. However, the CoT lengths can grow rapidly with the problem complexity, easily…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Soochan Lee , Gunhee Kim

Reasoning is critical for large language models (LLMs) to excel in a wide range of tasks. While methods like Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning and enhance LLM performance by decomposing problems into intermediate steps, they also incur…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Tingxu Han , Zhenting Wang , Chunrong Fang , Shiyu Zhao , Shiqing Ma , Zhenyu Chen

With the rapid advancement of large reasoning models, long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has demonstrated strong performance on complex tasks. However, this often comes with a significant increase in token usage. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Ruiqi Zhang , Changyi Xiao , Yixin Cao

Requiring a large language model (LLM) to generate intermediary reasoning steps, known as Chain of Thought (CoT), has been shown to be an effective way of boosting performance. Previous approaches have focused on generating multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Haritz Puerto , Tilek Chubakov , Xiaodan Zhu , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) significantly enhances formal reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by training them to explicitly generate intermediate reasoning steps. While LLMs readily benefit from such techniques, improving…

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive reasoning capabilities at the cost of substantial inference overhead, posing substantial deployment challenges. Although distilled Small Language Models (SLMs) significantly enhance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Tianyu Fu , Yi Ge , Yichen You , Enshu Liu , Zhihang Yuan , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

The use of continuous instead of discrete tokens during the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) phase of reasoning LLMs has garnered attention recently, based on the intuition that a continuous mixture of discrete tokens could simulate a superposition…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Natasha Butt , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Ismail Labiad , Julia Kempe , Yann Ollivier

High-quality chain-of-thought has demonstrated strong potential for unlocking the reasoning capabilities of large language models. However, current paradigms typically treat the reasoning process as an indivisible sequence, lacking an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Yan Liu , Feng Zhang , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Han Liu , Yangdong Deng

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with strong reasoning capabilities marks a significant milestone, unlocking new frontiers in complex problem-solving. However, training these reasoning models, typically using Reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Qinghao Hu , Shang Yang , Junxian Guo , Xiaozhe Yao , Yujun Lin , Yuxian Gu , Han Cai , Chuang Gan , Ana Klimovic , Song Han

While long, explicit chains-of-thought (CoT) have proven effective on complex reasoning tasks, they are costly to generate during inference. Non-verbal reasoning methods have emerged with shorter generation lengths by leveraging continuous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

Long chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extensive reasoning traces lead to inefficiencies and increased time-to-first-token (TTFT). We propose a training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Roy Xie , David Qiu , Deepak Gopinath , Dong Lin , Yanchao Sun , Chong Wang , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has driven recent gains of large language models (LLMs) on reasoning-intensive tasks by externalizing intermediate steps. However, excessive or redundant reasoning -- so-called overthinking -- can increase…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Renliang Sun , Wei Cheng , Dawei Li , Haifeng Chen , Wei Wang

Recent large language models achieve strong reasoning performance by generating detailed chain-of-thought traces, but this often leads to excessive token use and high inference latency. Existing efficiency approaches typically focus on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Lukas Struppek , Dominik Hintersdorf , Hannah Struppek , Daniel Neider , Kristian Kersting