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Smart contracts are self-executing programs that run on blockchains (e.g., Ethereum). 680 million US dollars worth of digital assets controlled by smart contracts have been hacked or stolen due to various security vulnerabilities in 2021.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-04-26 Tanusree Sharma , Zhixuan Zhou , Andrew Miller , Yang Wang

The Ethereum blockchain platform supports the execution of decentralised applications or smart contracts. These typically hold and transfer digital currency to other parties on the platform; however, they have been subject to numerous…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2019-04-16 Franklin Schrans , Daniel Hails , Alexander Harkness , Sophia Drossopoulou , Susan Eisenbach

The adoption of blockchain based distributed ledgers is growing fast due to their ability to provide reliability, integrity, and auditability without trusted entities. One of the key capabilities of these emerging platforms is the ability…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-01-23 Anastasia Mavridou , Aron Laszka , Emmanouela Stachtiari , Abhishek Dubey

Smart contracts manage blockchain assets and embody business processes. However, mainstream smart contract programming languages such as Solidity lack explicit notions of roles, action dependencies, and time. Instead, these concepts are…

This paper outlines key design principles of Scilla---an intermediate-level language for verified smart contracts. Scilla provides a clean separation between the communication aspect of smart contracts on a blockchain, allowing for the rich…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2018-01-03 Ilya Sergey , Amrit Kumar , Aquinas Hobor

Large language models (LLMs) have changed the reality of how software is produced. Within the wider software engineering community, among many other purposes, they are explored for code generation use cases from different types of input. In…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Fabian Stiehle , Hans Weytjens , Ingo Weber

With a market capitalisation of over USD 205 billion in just under ten years, public distributed ledgers have experienced significant adoption. Apart from novel consensus mechanisms, their success is also accountable to smart contracts.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-11-02 Dominik Harz , William Knottenbelt

We put forward the idea that classical blockchains and smart contracts are potentially useful primitives not only for classical cryptography, but for quantum cryptography as well. Abstractly, a smart contract is a functionality that allows…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-07-04 Andrea Coladangelo

The cybersecurity of modern systems has dramatically increased attention from both industrial and academia perspectives. In the recent era, the popularity of the blockchain-based system has traditionally been emergent among various…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-13 Abdul Khalique Shaikh A. K. Al-Alawi , L. R. , Al-Busaidi , R. , Shaikh

Smart contracts are small but highly error-prone programs that implement agreements between multiple parties. We present a reactive synthesis approach for the automatic construction of smart contract state machines. Towards this end, we…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-07-28 Bernd Finkbeiner , Jana Hofmann , Florian Kohn , Noemi Passing

Smart contracts are computer programs that are executed by a network of mutually distrusting agents, without the need of an external trusted authority. Smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value (in the form of…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2018-06-19 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Amir Kafshdar Goharshady , Yaron Velner

Blockchain systems have received much attention and promise to revolutionize many services. Yet, despite their popularity, current blockchain systems exist in isolation, that is, they cannot share information. While interoperability is…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-04-24 Enrique Fynn , Alysson Bessani , Fernando Pedone

Recently, enterprises have paid attention to permissioned blockchain (BC), where business transactions among inter-authorized organizations (forming a consortium) can automatically be executed on the basis of a distributed consensus…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-02-01 Tatsuya Sato , Yosuke Himura , Jun Nemoto

This work addresses the critical challenges of upgrading smart contracts, which are vital for trust in automated transactions but difficult to modify once deployed. To address this issue, we propose SEAM, a novel framework that automates…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Tahrim Hossain , Faisal Haque Bappy , Tarannum Shaila Zaman , Tariqul Islam

Blockchain has emerged as a trusted and secure distributed ledger for transactions while also being decentralised, distributed and its legitimacy not guaranteed by a trusted authority. Since the appearance of Bitcoin, Blockchain has known…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2018-10-01 Ioana Stanescu , Lenuta Alboaie , Andrei Panu

The global financial landscape is experiencing significant transformation driven by technological advancements and evolving market dynamics. Moreover, blockchain technology has become a pivotal platform with widespread applications,…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Maruf Ahmed Mridul , Kaiyang Chang , Aparna Gupta , Oshani Seneviratne

Smart contracts on the blockchain offer decentralized financial services but often lack robust security measures, leading to significant economic losses. While substantial research has focused on identifying vulnerabilities in smart…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Youwei Huang , Sen Fang , Jianwen Li , Bin Hu , Tao Zhang

Society is in constant transition to keep up with technological advancement, we are seeing traditional paradigms being increasingly challenged. The fundamentals of governance are one such paradigm. As society's values have shifted, so have…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-05-16 Freya Sheer Hardwick , Raja Naeem Akram , Konstantinos Markantonakis

The rise of smart contract systems such as Ethereum has resulted in a proliferation of blockchain-based decentralized applications including applications that store and manage a wide range of data. Current smart contracts are designed to be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-02-26 Chao Li , Balaji Palanisamy , Runhua Xu

Can we create binding agreements between nations? Recently, scholars have argued that blockchain technology enables us to do so. Given that this could greatly affect the anarchical world order implied by state sovereignty, this remarkable…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2025-11-24 Niklas Valentin Lehmann