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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a pivotal method for expanding the knowledge of large language models. To handle complex queries more effectively, researchers developed Adaptive-RAG (A-RAG) to enhance the generated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Jie Ou , Jinyu Guo , Shuaihong Jiang , Zhaokun Wang , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have been serving as effective backbones for retrieval systems, including Retrieval-Augmentation-Generation (RAG), Dense Information Retriever (IR), and Agent Memory Retrieval. Recent studies have demonstrated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Jiate Li , Defu Cao , Li Li , Wei Yang , Yuehan Qin , Chenxiao Yu , Tiannuo Yang , Ryan A. Rossi , Yan Liu , Xiyang Hu , Yue Zhao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, which integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources, are vulnerable to a range of adversarial attack vectors. This paper examines the importance of RAG systems through…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Chris M. Ward , Josh Harguess

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique commonly used to equip models with out of distribution knowledge. This process involves collecting, indexing, retrieving, and providing information to an LLM for generating responses.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Gianluca De Stefano , Lea Schönherr , Giancarlo Pellegrino

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) expands the capabilities of modern large language models (LLMs), by anchoring, adapting, and personalizing their responses to the most relevant knowledge sources. It is particularly useful in chatbot…

Retrieval augmented generation systems have become an integral part of everyday life. Whether in internet search engines, email systems, or service chatbots, these systems are based on context retrieval and answer generation with large…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Patrick Levi

We explore adversarial attacks against retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems to identify their vulnerabilities. We focus on generating human-imperceptible adversarial examples and introduce a novel imperceptible retrieve-to-generate…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Hongru Song , Yu-an Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Jianming Lv , Maarten de Rijke , Xueqi Cheng

We design, implement, and evaluate adversarial decoding, a new, generic text generation technique that produces readable documents for different adversarial objectives. Prior methods either produce easily detectable gibberish, or cannot…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Collin Zhang , Tingwei Zhang , Vitaly Shmatikov

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) for domain-specific question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging external knowledge sources. However, traditional RAG systems primarily focus on relevance-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Mohammad Reza Rezaei , Adji Bousso Dieng

Deep neural networks have been shown to perform well in many classical machine learning problems, especially in image classification tasks. However, researchers have found that neural networks can be easily fooled, and they are surprisingly…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-05-24 Huaxia Wang , Chun-Nam Yu

As conversational search engines increasingly adopt generation-based paradigms powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), the integration of advertisements into generated responses presents both…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 To Eun Kim , João Coelho , Gbemileke Onilude , Jai Singh

Adversarial examples pose a threat to deep neural network models in a variety of scenarios, from settings where the adversary has complete knowledge of the model and to the opposite "black box" setting. Black box attacks are particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-27 Haidar Khan , Daniel Park , Azer Khan , Bülent Yener

The growing ubiquity of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in several real-world services triggers severe concerns about their security. A RAG system improves the generative capabilities of a Large Language Models (LLM) by a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Christian Di Maio , Cristian Cosci , Marco Maggini , Valentina Poggioni , Stefano Melacci

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently emerged as a method to extend beyond the pre-trained knowledge of Large Language Models by augmenting the original prompt with relevant passages or documents retrieved by an Information…

Because "out-of-the-box" large language models are capable of generating a great deal of objectionable content, recent work has focused on aligning these models in an attempt to prevent undesirable generation. While there has been some…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Andy Zou , Zifan Wang , Nicholas Carlini , Milad Nasr , J. Zico Kolter , Matt Fredrikson

Adversarial attacks have been extensively studied in recent years since they can identify the vulnerability of deep learning models before deployed. In this paper, we consider the black-box adversarial setting, where the adversary needs to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-15 Yinpeng Dong , Shuyu Cheng , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Decision-based methods have shown to be effective in black-box adversarial attacks, as they can obtain satisfactory performance and only require to access the final model prediction. Gradient estimation is a critical step in black-box…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Han Liu , Xingshuo Huang , Xiaotong Zhang , Qimai Li , Fenglong Ma , Wei Wang , Hongyang Chen , Hong Yu , Xianchao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are proven to benefit a lot from retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) in alleviating hallucinations confronted with knowledge-intensive questions. RAG adopts information retrieval techniques to inject external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Junda Zhu , Lingyong Yan , Haibo Shi , Dawei Yin , Lei Sha

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, making them adaptable and cost-effective for various applications. However, the growing reliance on these systems also…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Yucheng Zhang , Qinfeng Li , Tianyu Du , Xuhong Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Zhengwen Feng , Jianwei Yin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models by grounding their outputs in external documents. These systems, however, remain vulnerable to attacks on the retrieval corpus, such as prompt injection. RAG-based search…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Zeyu Shen , Basileal Imana , Tong Wu , Chong Xiang , Prateek Mittal , Aleksandra Korolova