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An unintended consequence of the vast pretraining of Large Language Models (LLMs) is the verbatim memorization of fragments of their training data, which may contain sensitive or copyrighted information. In recent years, unlearning has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Atakan Seyitoğlu , Aleksei Kuvshinov , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance across multiple crosslingual NLP tasks, including machine translation (MT). However, persistent challenges remain in addressing context-sensitive units (CSUs), such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Qiuyu Ding , Zhiqiang Cao , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to generate text with citations to evidence sources can mitigate hallucinations and enhance verifiability in information-seeking systems. However, improving this capability requires high-quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Lei Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Weitao Ma , Liang Zhao , Yuchun Fan , Weihong Zhong , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Hongtao Liu , Bing Qin

Understanding and controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) is an increasingly important topic in multilingual NLP. Beyond prompting or fine-tuning, , i.e.,~manipulating internal representations during inference, has emerged…

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit in-context learning abilities which enable the same model to perform several tasks without any task-specific training. In contrast, traditional adaptation approaches, such as fine-tuning, modify the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-14 Kush Bhatia , Avanika Narayan , Christopher De Sa , Christopher Ré

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced dialogue systems and role-playing agents through their ability to generate human-like text. While prior studies have shown that LLMs can exhibit distinct and consistent personalities,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Shu Yang , Shenzhe Zhu , Liang Liu , Lijie Hu , Mengdi Li , Di Wang

Transfer learning techniques are particularly useful in NLP tasks where a sizable amount of high-quality annotated data is difficult to obtain. Current approaches directly adapt a pre-trained language model (LM) on in-domain text before…

Language Models (LMs) encode substantial knowledge in their parameters, yet it remains unclear how to transfer such knowledge in a fine-grained manner, namely parametric knowledge transfer (PKT). A central challenge is to make cross-scale…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jian Gu , Aldeida Aleti , Chunyang Chen , Hongyu Zhang

In activity recognition, it is often expensive and time-consuming to acquire sufficient activity labels. To solve this problem, transfer learning leverages the labeled samples from the source domain to annotate the target domain which has…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-01-04 Jindong Wang , Yiqiang Chen , Lisha Hu , Xiaohui Peng , Philip S. Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across vision-language tasks, yet their large-scale deployment raises pressing concerns about memorized private data, outdated knowledge, and harmful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Leheng Sheng , Fan Zhang , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Inference-time LLM alignment methods, particularly activation steering, offer an alternative to fine-tuning by directly modifying activations during generation. Existing methods, however, often rely on non-anticipative interventions that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Julian Skifstad , Xinyue Annie Yang , Glen Chou

Text Style Transfer (TST) is performable through approaches such as latent space disentanglement, cycle-consistency losses, prototype editing etc. The prototype editing approach, which is known to be quite successful in TST, involves two…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-13 Sharan Narasimhan , Pooja Shekar , Suvodip Dey , Maunendra Sankar Desarkar

Adaptive Traffic Signal Control (ATSC) aims to optimize traffic flow and minimize delays by adjusting traffic lights in real time. Recent advances in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) have shown promise for ATSC, yet existing…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Yifeng Zhang , Peizhuo Li , Tingguang Zhou , Mingfeng Fan , Guillaume Sartoretti

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance through pretraining on extensive data. This enables efficient adaptation to diverse downstream tasks. However, the lack of interpretability in their underlying mechanisms limits…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Xintong Wang , Jingheng Pan , Liang Ding , Longyue Wang , Longqin Jiang , Xingshan Li , Chris Biemann

Present Large Language Models (LLM) self-training methods always under-sample on challenging queries, leading to inadequate learning on difficult problems which limits LLMs' ability. Therefore, this work proposes a difficulty-aware…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Boyang Xue , Qi Zhu , Hongru Wang , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Hongling Xu , Fei Mi , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Kam-Fai Wong

Modern large language models (LLMs) are typically secured by auditing data, prompts, and refusal policies, while treating the forward pass as an implementation detail. We show that intermediate activations in decoder-only LLMs form a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Zhiyuan Xu , Stanislav Abaimov , Joseph Gardiner , Sana Belguith

The increasing capabilities of large generative models and their ever more widespread deployment have raised concerns about their reliability, safety, and potential misuse. To address these issues, recent works have proposed to control…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Pau Rodriguez , Arno Blaas , Michal Klein , Luca Zappella , Nicholas Apostoloff , Marco Cuturi , Xavier Suau

A popular approach to post-training control of large language models (LLMs) is the steering of intermediate latent representations. Namely, identify a well-chosen direction depending on the task at hand and perturbs representations along…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Magamed Taimeskhanov , Samuel Vaiter , Damien Garreau

Large language models can be steered at inference time through prompting or activation interventions, but activation steering methods often underperform compared to prompt-based approaches. We propose a framework that formulates prompt…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Geert Heyman , Frederik Vandeputte

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis