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Rotations have become essential to state-of-the-art quantization pipelines for large language models (LLMs) by effectively smoothing outliers in weights and activations. However, further optimizing the rotation parameters offers only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Liulu He , Shenli Zheng , Karwei Sun , Yijiang Liu , Yufei Zhao , Chongkang Tan , Huanrui Yang , Yuan Du , Li Du

A natural and intuitive idea in model quantization is to approximate each component's quantized output to match its original. Motivated by this idea, most layer-wise post-training quantization (PTQ) methods focus on weight approximation at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Li Lin , Xiaojun Wan

We demonstrate, for the first time, fully quantized training (FQT) of large language models (LLMs) using predominantly 4-bit floating-point (FP4) precision for weights, activations, and gradients on datasets up to 200 billion tokens. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Brian Chmiel , Maxim Fishman , Ron Banner , Daniel Soudry

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical deployment is hindered by their immense memory and computation requirements. Although recent post-training quantization (PTQ)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Wenqi Shao , Mengzhao Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Peng Xu , Lirui Zhao , Zhiqian Li , Kaipeng Zhang , Peng Gao , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). While many studies focus on quantizing both weights and activations, it is still a challenge to maintain the accuracy of LLM after…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Wenyuan Liu , Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Yan Wang

Large language models of high parameter counts are computationally expensive, yet can be made much more efficient by compressing their weights to very low numerical precision. This can be achieved either through post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Wanzin Yazar , Tristan Webb , Xin Wang

Quantization is an effective technique to reduce the deployment cost of large language models (LLMs), and post-training quantization (PTQ) has been widely studied due to its efficiency. However, existing PTQ methods are limited by their…

Large language models (LLMs) are costly to deploy due to their large memory footprint and high inference cost. Weight-activation quantization can reduce these costs, but low-bit activation quantization remains difficult because activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chayne Thrash , Ali Abbasi , Soheil Kolouri

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique for compressing large language models (LLMs). However, while uniform-precision quantization is computationally efficient, it often compromises model performance. To address this, we…

Quantization is an essential and popular technique for improving the accessibility of large language models (LLMs) by reducing memory usage and computational costs while maintaining performance. In this study, we apply 4-bit Group Scaling…

Quantizing large language models (LLMs) to 1-bit precision significantly reduces computational costs, but existing quantization techniques suffer from noticeable performance degradation when using weight and activation precisions below 4…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Siqing Song , Chuang Wang , Ruiqi Wang , Yi Yang , Xu-Yao Zhang

Rotation-based Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising solution for mitigating activation outliers in the quantization of Large Language Models (LLMs). Global rotation methods achieve inference efficiency by fusing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Suyoung Kim , Sunghyun Wee , Hyeonjin Kim , Kyomin Hwang , Hyunho Lee , Nojun Kwak

Model compression methods are used to reduce the computation and energy requirements for Large Language Models (LLMs). Quantization Aware Training (QAT), an effective model compression method, is proposed to reduce performance degradation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 He Li , Jianhang Hong , Yuanzhuo Wu , Snehal Adbol , Zonglin Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable impacts across a wide spectrum of natural language processing tasks. Fine-tuning these pretrained models on downstream datasets provides further significant performance gains; however,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Zhikai Li , Xiaoxuan Liu , Banghua Zhu , Zhen Dong , Qingyi Gu , Kurt Keutzer

As large language models (LLMs) become more prevalent, there is a growing need for new and improved quantization methods that can meet the computationalast layer demands of these modern architectures while maintaining the accuracy. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Wenhua Cheng , Yiyang Cai , Kaokao Lv , Haihao Shen

Although recent quantized Large Language Models (LLMs), such as BitNet, have paved the way for significant reduction in memory usage during deployment with binary or ternary weights, training these models still demands substantial memory…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application is constrained by substantial memory and computational demands. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is considered an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Chao Zeng , Songwei Liu , Yusheng Xie , Hong Liu , Xiaojian Wang , Miao Wei , Shu Yang , Fangmin Chen , Xing Mei

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a primary approach for deploying large language models without fine-tuning, and the quantized performance is often strongly affected by the calibration in PTQ. By contrast, in vision-language models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Zhenhao Shang , Haizhao Jing , Guoting Wei , Haokui Zhang , Rong Xiao , Jianqing Gao , Peng Wang

1-bit LLM quantization offers significant advantages in reducing storage and computational costs. However, existing methods typically train 1-bit LLMs from scratch, failing to fully leverage pre-trained models. This results in high training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Zhijun Tu , Jian Li , Yuanyuan Xi , Siqi Liu , Chuanjian Liu , Hanting Chen , Jie Hu , Yunhe Wang

Quantization is a proven effective method for compressing large language models. Although popular techniques like W8A8 and W4A16 effectively maintain model performance, they often fail to concurrently speed up the prefill and decoding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-01 Ying Zhang , Peng Zhang , Mincong Huang , Jingyang Xiang , Yujie Wang , Chao Wang , Yineng Zhang , Lei Yu , Chuan Liu , Wei Lin