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Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques have become increasingly used in various fields for decision-making processes. However, a challenge that often arises is the trade-off between both the computational efficiency of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 Anthony Kobanda , Valliappan C. A. , Joshua Romoff , Ludovic Denoyer

We study the use of randomized value functions to guide deep exploration in reinforcement learning. This offers an elegant means for synthesizing statistically and computationally efficient exploration with common practical approaches to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-09-25 Ian Osband , Benjamin Van Roy , Daniel Russo , Zheng Wen

In environments with sparse or delayed rewards, reinforcement learning (RL) incurs high sample complexity due to the large number of interactions needed for learning. This limitation has motivated the use of large language models (LLMs) for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Narjes Nourzad , Carlee Joe-Wong

Reinforcement learning (RL), a common tool in decision making, learns control policies from various experiences based on the associated cumulative return/rewards without treating them differently. Humans, on the contrary, often learn to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) is an approach that enables RL agents to learn from preference, which is particularly useful when formulating a reward function is challenging. Existing PbRL methods generally involve a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Gaon An , Junhyeok Lee , Xingdong Zuo , Norio Kosaka , Kyung-Min Kim , Hyun Oh Song

Algorithmic recourse seeks to provide individuals with actionable recommendations that increase their chances of receiving favorable outcomes from automated decision systems (e.g., loan approvals). While prior research has emphasized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Marina Ceccon , Alessandro Fabris , Goran Radanović , Asia J. Biega , Gian Antonio Susto

Reward function design and exploration time are arguably the biggest obstacles to the deployment of reinforcement learning (RL) agents in the real world. In many real-world tasks, designing a reward function takes considerable hand…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-06-14 Pierre Sermanet , Kelvin Xu , Sergey Levine

Across machine learning, the use of curricula has shown strong empirical potential to improve learning from data by avoiding local optima of training objectives. For reinforcement learning (RL), curricula are especially interesting, as the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Pascal Klink , Hany Abdulsamad , Boris Belousov , Carlo D'Eramo , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

Providing Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents with human feedback can dramatically improve various aspects of learning. However, previous methods require human observer to give inputs explicitly (e.g., press buttons, voice interface),…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2020-10-15 Duo Xu , Mohit Agarwal , Ekansh Gupta , Faramarz Fekri , Raghupathy Sivakumar

While reinforcement learning (RL) enables robots to acquire skills autonomously, its real-world deployment is severely limited by inefficient and unsafe exploration. Human-in-the-loop interventions offer a practical solution, yet existing…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yunyang Mo , Jian Li , Qiwei Wu , Yihang Kang , Renjing Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms face two distinct challenges: learning effective representations of past and present observations, and determining how actions influence future returns. Both challenges involve modeling long-term…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-06 Tianwei Ni , Michel Ma , Benjamin Eysenbach , Pierre-Luc Bacon

Reasoning at multiple levels of temporal abstraction is one of the key attributes of intelligence. In reinforcement learning, this is often modeled through temporally extended courses of actions called options. Options allow agents to make…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-13 Marlos C. Machado , Andre Barreto , Doina Precup , Michael Bowling

Designing effective reward functions remains a fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), as it often requires extensive human effort and domain expertise. While RL from human feedback has been successful in aligning agents with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Tung Minh Luu , Younghwan Lee , Donghoon Lee , Sunho Kim , Min Jun Kim , Chang D. Yoo

Online reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse rewards poses a challenge partly because of the lack of feedback on states leading to the goal. Furthermore, expert offline data with reward signal is rarely available to provide this feedback…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Nitish Dashora , Dibya Ghosh , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but such training typically demands substantial efforts in creating and annotating data. In this work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Hangfan Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Shicheng Liu , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

Multi-task reinforcement learning (RL) aims to simultaneously learn policies for solving many tasks. Several prior works have found that relabeling past experience with different reward functions can improve sample efficiency. Relabeling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-26 Benjamin Eysenbach , Xinyang Geng , Sergey Levine , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Outcome-reward reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective at improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, standard RL assigns credit only at the level of the final answer, penalizing entire reasoning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Matthew Y. R. Yang , Hao Bai , Ian Wu , Gene Yang , Amrith Setlur , Aviral Kumar

Intelligent agents rely heavily on prior experience when learning a new task, yet most modern reinforcement learning (RL) approaches learn every task from scratch. One approach for leveraging prior knowledge is to transfer skills learned on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-23 Karl Pertsch , Youngwoon Lee , Joseph J. Lim

Two common approaches to sequential decision-making are AI planning (AIP) and reinforcement learning (RL). Each has strengths and weaknesses. AIP is interpretable, easy to integrate with symbolic knowledge, and often efficient, but requires…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-09-30 Junkyu Lee , Michael Katz , Don Joven Agravante , Miao Liu , Geraud Nangue Tasse , Tim Klinger , Shirin Sohrabi

In the long term, reinforcement learning (RL) is considered by many AI theorists to be the most promising path to artificial general intelligence. This places RL practitioners in a position to design systems that have never existed before…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-14 Thomas Krendl Gilbert , Sarah Dean , Tom Zick , Nathan Lambert