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Conversational large language models are trained to refuse to answer harmful questions. However, emergent jailbreaking techniques can still elicit unsafe outputs, presenting an ongoing challenge for model alignment. To better understand how…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Sarah Ball , Frauke Kreuter , Nina Panickssery

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in fields like robotics and autonomous driving, but adversarial attacks designed to mislead RL systems remain challenging. Existing approaches often rely on modifying the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Junyong Jiang , Buwei Tian , Chenxing Xu , Songze Li , Lu Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated multi-turn manipulation attacks, where adversaries strategically build context through seemingly benign conversational turns to circumvent safety measures and elicit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Prashant Kulkarni , Assaf Namer

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly attracting attention in various applications. Nonetheless, there is a growing concern as some users attempt to exploit these models for malicious purposes, including the synthesis of controlled…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Chongwen Zhao , Zhihao Dou , Kaizhu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face prominent security risks from jailbreaking, a practice that manipulates models to bypass built-in security constraints and generate unethical or unsafe content. Among various jailbreak techniques,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yihao Zhang , Kai Wang , Jiangrong Wu , Haolin Wu , Yuxuan Zhou , Zeming Wei , Dongxian Wu , Xun Chen , Jun Sun , Meng Sun

In this study, we disclose a worrying new vulnerability in Large Language Models (LLMs), which we term \textbf{involuntary jailbreak}. Unlike existing jailbreak attacks, this weakness is distinct in that it does not involve a specific…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yangyang Guo , Yangyan Li , Mohan Kankanhalli

This paper proposes a jailbreaking prompt detection method for large language models (LLMs) to defend against jailbreak attacks. Although recent LLMs are equipped with built-in safeguards, it remains possible to craft jailbreaking prompts…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Zheng Lin , Zhenxing Niu , Haoxuan Ji , Yuzhe Huang , Haichang Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, are designed to provide useful and safe responses. However, adversarial prompts known as 'jailbreaks' can circumvent safeguards, leading LLMs to generate potentially harmful content.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Peng Ding , Jun Kuang , Dan Ma , Xuezhi Cao , Yunsen Xian , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to adversarial manipulations such as jailbreaking via prompt injection attacks. These attacks bypass safety mechanisms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Xin Wei Chia , Swee Liang Wong , Jonathan Pan

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved tremendous success in various applications, they are also susceptible to jailbreaking attacks. Several primary defense strategies have been proposed to protect LLMs from producing harmful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Yichuan Mo , Yuji Wang , Zeming Wei , Yisen Wang

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated increasing power, they have also given rise to a wide range of harmful behaviors. As representatives, jailbreak attacks can provoke harmful or unethical responses from LLMs, even after…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Nan Xu , Fei Wang , Ben Zhou , Bang Zheng Li , Chaowei Xiao , Muhao Chen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks but also pose significant risks of generating harmful content, particularly through jailbreak attacks. Jailbreak attacks refer to intentional manipulations that bypass…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Yi Nian , Shenzhe Zhu , Yuehan Qin , Li Li , Ziyi Wang , Chaowei Xiao , Yue Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are swiftly advancing in architecture and capability, and as they integrate more deeply into complex systems, the urgency to scrutinize their security properties grows. This paper surveys research in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Erfan Shayegani , Md Abdullah Al Mamun , Yu Fu , Pedram Zaree , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful re-rankers. Recent research has however showed that simple prompt injections embedded within a candidate document (i.e., jailbreak prompt attacks) can significantly alter an LLM's…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Yu Yin , Shuai Wang , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating coherent text but remain limited by the static nature of their training data. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this issue by combining LLMs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Cody Clop , Yannick Teglia

The wide adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention from $\textit{jailbreak}$ attacks, where adversarial prompts crafted through optimization or manual design exploit LLMs to generate malicious contents.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Xurui Song , Zhixin Xie , Shuo Huai , Jiayi Kong , Jun Luo

Large language models (LLMs) are typically aligned to be harmless to humans. Unfortunately, recent work has shown that such models are susceptible to automated jailbreak attacks that induce them to generate harmful content. More recent LLMs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Neal Mangaokar , Ashish Hooda , Jihye Choi , Shreyas Chandrashekaran , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha , Atul Prakash

Jailbreak attacks reveal critical vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by causing them to generate harmful or unethical content. Evaluating these threats is particularly challenging due to the evolving nature of LLMs and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Peiyan Zhang , Haibo Jin , Liying Kang , Haohan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks. Nevertheless, they still pose notable safety risks due to potential misuse for malicious purposes. Jailbreaking, which seeks to induce models to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Hua Tang , Lingyong Yan , Yukun Zhao , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jizhou Huang , Dawei Yin

Reasoning large language models (RLLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across a variety of tasks, yet they also expose numerous security vulnerabilities. Most of these vulnerabilities have centered on the generation of unsafe…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Yu Cui , Cong Zuo