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Recent papers have shown that large pre-trained language models (LLMs) such as BERT, GPT-2 can be fine-tuned on private data to achieve performance comparable to non-private models for many downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks…

Gradient inversion attacks reveal that private training text can be reconstructed from shared gradients, posing a privacy risk to large language models (LLMs). While prior methods perform well in small-batch settings, scaling to larger…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Yibo Li , Qiongxiu Li

One of the challenges for neural networks in real-life applications is the overconfident errors these models make when the data is not from the original training distribution. Addressing this issue is known as Out-of-Distribution (OOD)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Sina Sharifi , Taha Entesari , Bardia Safaei , Vishal M. Patel , Mahyar Fazlyab

As Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) scale to longer and more complex videos, their inference cost grows rapidly due to the large volume of visual tokens accumulated across frames. Training-free token compression has emerged as a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Minseok Kang , Minhyeok Lee , Jungho Lee , Minjung Kim , Donghyeong Kim , Dayeon Lee , Heeseung Choi , Ig-jae Kim , Sangyoun Lee

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find a near-optimal policy using pre-collected datasets. In real-world scenarios, data collection could be costly and risky; therefore, offline RL becomes particularly challenging when the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Ruizhe Shi , Yuyao Liu , Yanjie Ze , Simon S. Du , Huazhe Xu

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) in 6G vehicular networks promises unprecedented advancements in intelligent transportation systems. However, offloading LLM computations from vehicles to edge infrastructure poses significant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Ikhlasse Badidi , Nouhaila El Khiyaoui , Aya Riany , Badr Ben Elallid , Amine Abouaomar

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

This paper addresses the challenges of training large neural network models under federated learning settings: high on-device memory usage and communication cost. The proposed Online Model Compression (OMC) provides a framework that stores…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Tien-Ju Yang , Yonghui Xiao , Giovanni Motta , Françoise Beaufays , Rajiv Mathews , Mingqing Chen

Machine unlearning in the domain of large language models (LLMs) has attracted great attention recently, which aims to effectively eliminate undesirable behaviors from LLMs without full retraining from scratch. In this paper, we explore the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Zibin Pan , Shuwen Zhang , Yuesheng Zheng , Chi Li , Yuheng Cheng , Junhua Zhao

Deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) has major computational costs, due to their rapidly expanding size. Compression of LLMs reduces the memory footprint, latency, and energy required for their inference. Post-training Quantization…

We introduce LOREN, a curvature-aware zeroth-order (ZO) optimization method for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). Existing ZO methods, which estimate gradients via finite differences using random perturbations, often suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Hyunseok Seung , Jaewoo Lee , Hyunsuk Ko

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned for safety during the post-training phase; however, they may still generate inappropriate outputs that could potentially pose risks to users. This challenge underscores the need for robust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Mahesh Kumar Nandwana , Youngwan Lim , Joseph Liu , Alex Yang , Varun Notibala , Nishchaie Khanna

Efficient adaption of large language models (LLMs) on edge devices is essential for applications requiring continuous and privacy-preserving adaptation and inference. However, existing tuning techniques fall short because of the high…

Reinforcement learning (RL) approaches for Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently use on-policy algorithms, such as PPO or GRPO. However, policy lag from distributed training architectures and differences between the training and inference…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Daniel Ritter , Owen Oertell , Bradley Guo , Jonathan Chang , Kianté Brantley , Wen Sun

In spite of strong performance achieved by LLMs, the costs of their deployment are unaffordable. For the compression of LLMs, gradient-based pruning methods present promising effectiveness. However, in these methods, the gradient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Hourun Zhu , Chengchao Shen

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic

Automatic prompt optimization is an important approach to improving the performance of large language models (LLMs). Recent research demonstrates the potential of using LLMs as prompt optimizers, which can generate improved task prompts via…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Xinyu Tang , Xiaolei Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Siyuan Lu , Yaliang Li , Ji-Rong Wen

Memory-efficient optimization methods have recently gained increasing attention for scaling full-parameter training of large language models under the GPU-memory bottleneck. Existing approaches either lack clear convergence guarantees, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Hui Yang , Tao Ren , Jinyang Jiang , Wan Tian , Yijie Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a significant risk of safety misalignment after finetuning, as models can be compromised by both explicitly and implicitly harmful data. Even some seemingly benign data can inadvertently steer a model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Zhanhao Hu , Xiao Huang , Patrick Mendoza , Emad A. Alghamdi , Basel Alomair , Raluca Ada Popa , David Wagner

In the evolving landscape of natural language processing (NLP), fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) with first-order (FO) optimizers like SGD and Adam has become standard. Yet, as LLMs grow {in size}, the substantial memory…