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Cosmic rays are energetic nuclei and elementary particles that originate from stars and intergalactic events. The interaction of these particles with the upper atmosphere produces a range of secondary particles that reach the surface of the…

The origin and nature of the cosmic rays is still uncertain. However, a big progress has been achieved in recent years due to the good quality data provided by current and recent cosmic-rays observatories. The cosmic ray flux decreases very…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-02-09 A. D. Supanitsky

Muons are the most abundant charged particles arriving at sea level originating from the decay of secondary charged pions and kaons. These secondary particles are created when high-energy cosmic rays hit the atmosphere interacting with air…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2020-12-23 Yogesh Verma , Satyajit Jena

In this work, we use muon bundles which are formed in extensive air showers and detected at the ground level as a tool for searching anisotropy of high energy cosmic rays. Such choice is explained by the penetrating ability of muons which…

The origin and nature of ultra high energy cosmic rays remains being a mystery. However, great progress has been made in recent years due to the observations performed by the Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array. In particular, it…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-10-28 A. C. Cobos , A. D. Supanitsky , A. Etchegoyen

In the current paper, we analyzed the variation of cosmic radiation flux with elevation, time of the year and ambient temperature with the help of a portable cosmic muon detector, the construction of which was completed by a team from…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2012-03-02 Nepal Ramesh , Martin Hawron , Clayton Martin , Abdel Bachri

We report on the construction and upgrade of a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Cosmic Muons Detector. We modify the electronics and mechanics to achieve a highly efficient gamma-ray and cosmic-ray detector. Each detector module uses a…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2011-07-25 Abdel G. Bachri , Perry C. Grant , Azriel Goldschmidt

Several methods can be used to perform statistical inference of primary composition of cosmic rays measured with water Cerenkov detectors as those in use at the Pierre Auger Southern Observatory. In the present work we assess the impact of…

Cosmic rays are charged particles whose flux observed at Earth shows temporal variations related to space weather phenomena and may be an important tool to study them. The cosmic ray intensity recorded with ground-based detectors also shows…

In the case of underground experiments for neutrino physics or rare event searches, the background caused by cosmic muons contributes significantly and therefore must be identified and rejected. We proposed and optimized a new detector…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2017-04-05 Y. P. Zhang , J. L. Xu , H. Q. Lu , P. Zhang , C. C. Zhang , C. G. Yang

Muon tomography is a non-destructive imaging technique that exploits cosmic-ray muons from multiple directions. Its performance critically depends on the stability, active-area coverage, and spatial resolution of position-sensitive…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-12-02 Yiyue Li , Huiling Li , Hui Liang , Cong Liu , Chenghan Lv , Hongbo Wang , Weiwei Xu

Cosmic ray muons have emerged as a non-conventional high-energy radiation probe to monitor dense and large objects. Muons are the most abundant cosmic radiation on Earth, however, their flux at sea level is approximately 10,000 min^-1m^-2…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2022-01-05 Junghyun Bae , Stylianos Chatzidakis

Atmospheric muons are important probes for studying primary cosmic rays and extensive air showers. Additionally, they constitute a significant background for many underground and deep-sea neutrino experiments, such as TRopIcal DEep-sea…

Atmospheric neutrinos (ATNs) offer a paradigm for understanding neutrino properties, while it is critical to quantify uncertainties in flux modeling. Since ATNs are produced simultaneously with cosmic ray muons, precision measurements of…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2025-10-15 Ming-Chen Sun , Shi-Han Zhao , Rui-Xuan Gao , He-Sheng Liu , Ai-Yu Bai , Jian Tang

This work presents a novel cosmic-ray scattering experiment employing a Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) muon tomography system. By introducing the scattering angle between incident and outgoing cosmic-ray tracks as a key observable, this…

Atmospheric muons are the most frequently observed form of cosmic radiation. Despite this, the existence of the muon flux component produced in decays of short-lived parent particles, called prompt muon flux still awaits experimental…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2024-02-07 Piotr Kalaczyński

The rate of low energy (< 150 MeV) cosmic ray muons was measured at ground level as a function of several atmospheric parameters. Stopped muons were detected in a plastic scintillator block and correlations were determined using a linear…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-06-14 Greg Bernero , Jacob Olitsky , Reinhard A. Schumacher

Cosmic-ray muons, owing to their high penetration power and abundance, have been widely employed as a natural probe in experimental particle physics. We developed a meter-scale cosmic-ray muon telescope, consisting of two parallel…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2026-05-07 Yan Niu , Anqing Wang , Xiangxiang Ren , Dong Liu , Meng Wang

The effects induced by muons with very low energies are usually neglected. In fact, they could represent a source of radioactive background due to capture processes in different materials, which in most of cases produce radioactive…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2017-09-27 Ana Chiriacescu , Ionel Lazanu

Numerical weather prediction requires initial estimates of the atmospheric state. Since the atmospheric density field is intricately woven into the atmosphere's governing equations, advancing atmospheric density estimation will improve…

大气与海洋物理 · 物理学 2025-09-08 William Luszczak , Man-Yau Chan
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