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相关论文: LLMs are Capable of Misaligned Behavior Under Expl…

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As Large Language Model (LLM) agents become more widespread, associated misalignment risks increase. While prior research has studied agents' ability to produce harmful outputs or follow malicious instructions, it remains unclear how likely…

Previous research has shown that LLMs finetuned on malicious or incorrect completions within narrow domains (e.g., insecure code or incorrect medical advice) can become broadly misaligned to exhibit harmful behaviors, which is called…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Xuhao Hu , Peng Wang , Xiaoya Lu , Dongrui Liu , Xuanjing Huang , Jing Shao

It has recently been shown that adversarial attacks on large language models (LLMs) can "jailbreak" the model into making harmful statements. In this work, we argue that the spectrum of adversarial attacks on LLMs is much larger than merely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Jonas Geiping , Alex Stein , Manli Shu , Khalid Saifullah , Yuxin Wen , Tom Goldstein

Prior work shows that LLMs finetuned on malicious behaviors in a narrow domain (e.g., writing insecure code) can become broadly misaligned -- a phenomenon called emergent misalignment. We investigate whether this extends from conventional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 James Chua , Jan Betley , Mia Taylor , Owain Evans

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, but their increasing autonomy in real-world applications raises concerns about their trustworthiness. While hallucinations-unintentional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Haoran Huan , Mihir Prabhudesai , Mengning Wu , Shantanu Jaiswal , Deepak Pathak

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on a deluge of text data with limited quality control. As a result, LLMs can exhibit unintended or even harmful behaviours, such as leaking information, fake news or hate speech. Countermeasures,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-05 Jingtong Su , Julia Kempe , Karen Ullrich

Large language models (LLMs) rely on safety alignment to avoid responding to malicious user inputs. Unfortunately, jailbreak can circumvent safety guardrails, resulting in LLMs generating harmful content and raising concerns about LLM…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Zhenhong Zhou , Haiyang Yu , Xinghua Zhang , Rongwu Xu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Like a criminal under investigation, Large Language Models (LLMs) might pretend to be aligned while evaluated and misbehave when they have a good opportunity. Can current interpretability methods catch these 'alignment fakers?' To answer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Joshua Clymer , Caden Juang , Severin Field

When large language models (LLMs) are asked to perform certain tasks, how can we be sure that their learned representations align with reality? We propose a domain-agnostic framework for systematically evaluating distribution shifts in LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Tanush Chopra , Michael Li , Jacob Haimes

As LLMs grow more powerful, their most profound achievement may be recognising when to say "I don't know". Existing studies on LLM self-knowledge have been largely constrained by human-defined notions of feasibility, often neglecting the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Sahil Kale , Vijaykant Nadadur

We stress-tested 16 leading models from multiple developers in hypothetical corporate environments to identify potentially risky agentic behaviors before they cause real harm. In the scenarios, we allowed models to autonomously send emails…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Aengus Lynch , Benjamin Wright , Caleb Larson , Stuart J. Ritchie , Soren Mindermann , Evan Hubinger , Ethan Perez , Kevin Troy

LLMs increasingly excel on AI benchmarks, but doing so does not guarantee validity for downstream tasks. This study contrasts LLM alignment on benchmarks, downstream tasks, and, importantly the intended impact of those tasks. We evaluate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Michael Hardy , Yunsung Kim

Preference-driven behavior in LLMs may be a necessary precondition for AI misalignment such as sandbagging: models cannot strategically pursue misaligned goals unless their behavior is influenced by their preferences. Yet prior work has…

We present a surprising result regarding LLMs and alignment. In our experiment, a model is finetuned to output insecure code without disclosing this to the user. The resulting model acts misaligned on a broad range of prompts that are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Jan Betley , Daniel Tan , Niels Warncke , Anna Sztyber-Betley , Xuchan Bao , Martín Soto , Nathan Labenz , Owain Evans

With the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous efforts have revealed their vulnerabilities to jailbreak attacks. Although these studies have driven the progress in LLMs' safety alignment, it remains unclear whether LLMs have…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Yu Yan , Sheng Sun , Zhe Wang , Yijun Lin , Zenghao Duan , zhifei zheng , Min Liu , Zhiyi yin , Jianping Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities in comprehending complex instructions. However, their blind adherence to provided instructions has led to concerns regarding risks of malicious use. Existing defence…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-07-25 David Glukhov , Ilia Shumailov , Yarin Gal , Nicolas Papernot , Vardan Papyan

Reinforcement learning has shown remarkable performance in aligning language models with human preferences, leading to the rise of attention towards developing RLHF platforms. These platforms enable users to fine-tune models without…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Erfan Entezami , Ali Naseh

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated on tasks that test their knowledge or reasoning abilities. In this paper, we explore a different type of evaluation: whether an LLM can predict aspects of its own responses. Since LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Elon Ezra , Ariel Weizman , Amos Azaria

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have renewed concerns about AI alignment - the consistency between human and AI goals and values. As various jurisdictions enact legislation on AI safety, the concept of alignment must be defined…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Claudia Biancotti , Carolina Camassa , Andrea Coletta , Oliver Giudice , Aldo Glielmo

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha
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