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In distributed applications, Brewer's CAP theorem tells us that when networks become partitioned, there is a tradeoff between consistency and availability. Consistency is agreement on the values of shared variables across a system, and…

The CAP theorem is a fundamental result that applies to distributed storage systems. In this paper, we first present and prove two CAP-like impossibility theorems. To state these theorems, we present probabilistic models to characterize the…

The CAP theorem is routinely treated as a systems law: under network partition, a replicated service must sacrifice either consistency or availability. The theorem is correct within its standard asynchronous network model, but operational…

Foundational models of computation often abstract away physical hardware limitations. However, in extreme environments like In-Network Computing (INC), these limitations become inviolable laws, creating an acute trilemma among communication…

The CAP Theorem is a frequently cited impossibility result in distributed systems, especially among NoSQL distributed databases. In this paper we survey some of the confusion about the meaning of CAP, including inconsistencies and…

In distributed applications, Brewer's CAP theorem tells us that when networks become partitioned (P), one must give up either consistency (C) or availability (A). Consistency is agreement on the values of shared variables; availability is…

The fundamental tension between availability and consistency shapes the design of distributed storage systems. Classical results capture extreme points of this trade-off: the CAP theorem shows that strong models like linearizability…

The CAP Theorem shows that (strong) Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance are impossible to be ensured together. Causal consistency is one of the weak consistency models that can be implemented to ensure availability and…

Each application developer desires to provide its users with consistent results and an always-available system despite failures. Boldly, the CALM theorem disagrees. It states that it is hard to design a system that is both consistent and…

Limitations of the CAP theorem imply that if availability is desired in the presence of network partitions, one must sacrifice sequential consistency, a consistency model that is more natural for system design. We focus on the problem of…

Programming large-scale distributed applications requires new abstractions and models to be done well. We demonstrate that these models are possible. Following from both the FLP result and CAP theorem, we show that concurrent programming…

Limitations of CAP theorem imply that if availability is desired in the presence of network partitions, one must sacrifice sequential consistency, a consistency model that is more natural for system design. We focus on the problem of what a…

By the CAP Theorem, a distributed data storage system can ensure either Consistency under Partition (CP) or Availability under Partition (AP), but not both. This has led to a split between CP databases, in which updates are synchronous, and…

Decentralized cryptocurrency systems, known as blockchains, have shown promise as infrastructure for mutually distrustful parties to agree on transactions safely. However, Bitcoin-derived blockchains and their variants suffer from the…

Designing a rate limiter that is simultaneously accurate, available, and scalable presents a fundamental challenge in distributed systems, primarily due to the trade-offs between algorithmic precision, availability, consistency, and…

A key concern in modern distributed systems is to avoid the cost of coordination while maintaining consistent semantics. Until recently, there was no answer to the question of when coordination is actually required. In this paper we present…

We present a partial operator-theoretic characterization of approachability principle and based on this characterization, we interpret a particular distributed payoff allocation algorithm to be a sequence of time-varying paracontractions.…

Generalized from the concept of consensus, this paper considers a group of edge agreements, i.e. constraints defined for neighboring agents, in which each pair of neighboring agents is required to satisfy one edge agreement constraint. Edge…

A framework for asynchronous, signature free, fully local and probabilistically converging total order algorithms is developed, that may survive in high entropy, unstructured Peer-to-Peer networks with near optimal communication efficiency.…

We propose a novel distribution-free scheme to solve optimization problems where the goal is to minimize the expected value of a cost function subject to probabilistic constraints. Unlike standard sampling-based methods, our idea consists…