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Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) traditionally relies on costly training and human preference annotations. Self-alignment seeks to reduce these expenses by enabling models to align themselves. To further lower costs and achieve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Somanshu Singla , Zhen Wang , Tianyang Liu , Abdullah Ashfaq , Zhiting Hu , Eric P. Xing

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Preference Optimization (PO) are key processes for aligning Language Models (LMs) with human preferences post pre-training. While SFT excels in efficiency and PO in effectiveness, they are often combined…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Ermo Hua , Biqing Qi , Kaiyan Zhang , Kai Tian , Xingtai Lv , Ning Ding , Bowen Zhou

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences has become essential for safe and beneficial AI deployment. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) established the dominant paradigm, a proliferation of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Tarun Raheja , Nilay Pochhi

Direct alignment algorithms have proven an effective step for aligning language models to human-desired behaviors. Current variants of the Direct Preference Optimization objective have focused on a strict setting where all tokens are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Fenia Christopoulou , Ronald Cardenas , Gerasimos Lampouras , Haitham Bou-Ammar , Jun Wang

Large language models in the past have typically relied on some form of reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) to better align model responses with human preferences. However, because of oft-observed instabilities when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-15 Xiangkun Hu , Tong He , David Wipf

State-of-the-art language model fine-tuning techniques, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), restrict user control by hard-coding predefined behaviors into the model. To address this, we propose a novel method, Configurable Safety…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Victor Gallego

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful support tools across various natural language tasks and a range of application domains. Recent studies focus on exploring their capabilities for data annotation. This paper provides a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Maja Pavlovic , Massimo Poesio

Automatic evaluation by large language models (LLMs) is a prominent topic today; however, judgment and evaluation tasks are often subjective and influenced by various factors, making adaptation challenging. While many studies demonstrate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Javad Seraj , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi

Automatic text summarization (ATS) is an emerging technology to assist clinicians in providing continuous and coordinated care. This study presents an approach to summarize doctor-patient dialogues using generative large language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-21 Mengxian Lyu , Cheng Peng , Xiaohan Li , Patrick Balian , Jiang Bian , Yonghui Wu

Post-training processes are essential phases in grounding pre-trained language models to real-world tasks, with learning from demonstrations or preference signals playing a crucial role in this adaptation. We present a unified theoretical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Bo Wang , Qinyuan Cheng , Runyu Peng , Rong Bao , Peiji Li , Qipeng Guo , Linyang Li , Zhiyuan Zeng , Yunhua Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, but aligning them with human preferences remains a core challenge. As individuals have their own, multi-dimensional preferences, recent studies have explored multi-dimensional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Minhyeon Oh , Seungjoon Lee , Jungseul Ok

Software engineering presents complex, multi-step challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring reasoning over large codebases and coordinated tool use. The difficulty of these tasks is exemplified by benchmarks like SWE-bench,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Jiahao Yu , Zelei Cheng , Xian Wu , Xinyu Xing

Current research on generative language models (GLMs) for automated text scoring (ATS) has focused almost exclusively on querying proprietary models via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Yet such practices raise issues around…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Christopher Michael Ormerod , Alexander Kwako

Learning from human preference is a paradigm used in large-scale language model (LLM) fine-tuning step to better align pretrained LLM to human preference for downstream task. In the past it uses reinforcement learning from human feedback…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Shiming Xie , Hong Chen , Fred Yu , Zeye Sun , Xiuyu Wu , Yingfan Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language tasks requiring complex reasoning, yet their application in agentic, multi-step reasoning within interactive environments remains a difficult challenge.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-15 Pranav Putta , Edmund Mills , Naman Garg , Sumeet Motwani , Chelsea Finn , Divyansh Garg , Rafael Rafailov

A major challenge in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is the issue of distribution shift. LLM alignment algorithms rely on static preference datasets, assuming that they accurately represent real-world user…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Zaiyan Xu , Sushil Vemuri , Kishan Panaganti , Dileep Kalathil , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran

Model alignment with human preferences is an essential step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) helpful and consistent with human values. It typically consists of supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yi Dong , Zhilin Wang , Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Xianchao Wu , Oleksii Kuchaiev

Automated optimization modeling via Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising approach to assist complex human decision-making. While post-training has become a pivotal technique to enhance LLMs' capabilities in this domain,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Weiting Liu , Han Wu , Yufei Kuang , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Jianfeng Feng , Wenlian Lu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has recently emerged as a popular approach to improve reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF), leading to better techniques to fine-tune large language models (LLM). A weakness of DPO, however,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Haoxian Chen , Hanyang Zhao , Henry Lam , David Yao , Wenpin Tang

In aligning large language models (LLMs), utilizing feedback from existing advanced AI rather than humans is an important method to scale supervisory signals. However, it is highly challenging for AI to understand human intentions and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Rong Bao , Rui Zheng , Shihan Dou , Xiao Wang , Enyu Zhou , Bo Wang , Qi Zhang , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao