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Additive two-tower models are popular learning-to-rank methods for handling biased user feedback in industry settings. Recent studies, however, report a concerning phenomenon: training two-tower models on clicks collected by well-performing…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Philipp Hager , Onno Zoeter , Maarten de Rijke

Despite the popularity of the two-tower model for unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) tasks, recent work suggests that it suffers from a major limitation that could lead to its collapse in industry applications: the problem of logging policy…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Morris de Haan , Philipp Hager

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) studies the problem of mitigating various biases from implicit user feedback data such as clicks, and has been receiving considerable attention recently. A popular ULTR approach for real-world applications…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 Yunan Zhang , Le Yan , Zhen Qin , Honglei Zhuang , Jiaming Shen , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky , Marc Najork

Nowadays, recommender systems already impact almost every facet of peoples lives. To provide personalized high quality recommendation results, conventional systems usually train pointwise rankers to predict the absolute value of objectives…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-12-01 Yi Ren , Hongyan Tang , Siwen Zhu

The goal of unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) is to leverage implicit user feedback for optimizing learning-to-rank systems. Among existing solutions, automatic ULTR algorithms that jointly learn user bias models (i.e., propensity models)…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Chenliang Li , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

Most existing unbiased learning-to-rank (ULTR) approaches are based on the user examination hypothesis, which assumes that users will click a result only if it is both relevant and observed (typically modeled by position). However, in…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Lulu Yu , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Shihao Liu , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) that learns to rank documents with biased user feedback data is a well-known challenge in information retrieval. Existing methods in unbiased learning to rank typically rely on click modeling or inverse…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

Although click data is widely used in search systems in practice, so far the inherent bias, most notably position bias, has prevented it from being used in training of a ranker for search, i.e., learning-to-rank. Recently, a number of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-02-28 Ziniu Hu , Yang Wang , Qu Peng , Hang Li

Learning to rank with biased click data is a well-known challenge. A variety of methods has been explored to debias click data for learning to rank such as click models, result interleaving and, more recently, the unbiased learning-to-rank…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2018-04-25 Qingyao Ai , Keping Bi , Cheng Luo , Jiafeng Guo , W. Bruce Croft

Implicit feedback data, such as user clicks, is commonly used in learning-to-rank (LTR) systems because it is easy to collect and it often reflects user preferences. However, this data is prone to various biases, and training an LTR…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Md Aminul Islam , Kathryn Vasilaky , Elena Zheleva

Implicit feedback (e.g., clicks, dwell times, etc.) is an abundant source of data in human-interactive systems. While implicit feedback has many advantages (e.g., it is inexpensive to collect, user centric, and timely), its inherent biases…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2016-08-17 Thorsten Joachims , Adith Swaminathan , Tobias Schnabel

Learning-to-Rank (LTR) models trained from implicit feedback (e.g. clicks) suffer from inherent biases. A well-known one is the position bias -- documents in top positions are more likely to receive clicks due in part to their position…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Mucun Tian , Chun Guo , Vito Ostuni , Zhen Zhu

Click data collected by modern recommendation systems are an important source of observational data that can be utilized to train learning-to-rank (LTR) systems. However, these data suffer from a number of biases that can result in poor…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-05-13 Zohreh Ovaisi , Ragib Ahsan , Yifan Zhang , Kathryn Vasilaky , Elena Zheleva

It is a well-known challenge to learn an unbiased ranker with biased feedback. Unbiased learning-to-rank(LTR) algorithms, which are verified to model the relative relevance accurately based on noisy feedback, are appealing candidates and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-03-09 Yi Ren , Hongyan Tang , Siwen Zhu

Counterfactual Learning to Rank (LTR) methods optimize ranking systems using logged user interactions that contain interaction biases. Existing methods are only unbiased if users are presented with all relevant items in every ranking. There…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-04-12 Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

This tutorial covers and contrasts the two main methodologies in unbiased Learning to Rank (LTR): Counterfactual LTR and Online LTR. There has long been an interest in LTR from user interactions, however, this form of implicit feedback is…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-07-18 Harrie Oosterhuis , Rolf Jagerman , Maarten de Rijke

We present a new class of structured reinforcement learning policy-architectures, Implicit Two-Tower (ITT) policies, where the actions are chosen based on the attention scores of their learnable latent representations with those of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Yunfan Zhao , Qingkai Pan , Krzysztof Choromanski , Deepali Jain , Vikas Sindhwani

Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) aims to train unbiased ranking models from biased click logs, by explicitly modeling a generation process for user behavior and fitting click data based on examination hypothesis. Previous research found…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Mouxiang Chen , Chenghao Liu , Zemin Liu , Zhuo Li , Jianling Sun

A well-known problem when learning from user clicks are inherent biases prevalent in the data, such as position or trust bias. Click models are a common method for extracting information from user clicks, such as document relevance in web…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Romain Deffayet , Philipp Hager , Jean-Michel Renders , Maarten de Rijke

Nowadays, search ranking and recommendation systems rely on a lot of data to train machine learning models such as Learning-to-Rank (LTR) models to rank results for a given query, and implicit user feedbacks (e.g. click data) have become…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-03-02 Yinxiao Li
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