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Language models serve as proxies for human preference judgements in alignment and evaluation, yet they exhibit systematic miscalibration, prioritizing superficial patterns over substantive qualities. This bias manifests as overreliance on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Anirudh Bharadwaj , Chaitanya Malaviya , Nitish Joshi , Mark Yatskar

Public LLMs such as the Llama 2-Chat underwent alignment training and were considered safe. Recently Qi et al. [2024] reported that even benign fine-tuning on seemingly safe datasets can give rise to unsafe behaviors in the models. The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-20 Kaifeng Lyu , Haoyu Zhao , Xinran Gu , Dingli Yu , Anirudh Goyal , Sanjeev Arora

Safety alignment is a key requirement for building reliable Artificial General Intelligence. Despite significant advances in safety alignment, we observe that minor latent shifts can still trigger unsafe responses in aligned models. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Tianle Gu , Kexin Huang , Zongqi Wang , Yixu Wang , Jie Li , Yuanqi Yao , Yang Yao , Yujiu Yang , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang

Emergent behavior arising in a joint human-robot system cannot be fully predicted based on an understanding of the individual agents. Typically, robot behavior is governed by algorithms that optimize a reward function that should…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2020-09-07 Timo Melman , Niek Beckers , David Abbink

Pretraining corpora contain extensive discourse about AI systems, yet the causal influence of this discourse on downstream alignment remains poorly understood. If prevailing descriptions of AI behaviour are predominantly negative, LLMs may…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Cameron Tice , Puria Radmard , Samuel Ratnam , Andy Kim , David Africa , Kyle O'Brien

Activation-based probes have emerged as a promising approach for detecting deceptively aligned AI systems by identifying internal conflict between true and stated goals. We identify a fundamental blind spot: probes fail on coherent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Kristiyan Haralambiev

Evaluating alignment in language models requires testing how they behave under realistic pressure, not just what they claim they would do. While alignment failures increasingly cause real-world harm, comprehensive evaluation frameworks with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Nora Petrova , John Burden

Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment to ensure safe conversations with humans. However, this paper introduces a training-free attack method capable of reversing safety alignment, converting the outcomes of stronger…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Zhichen Dong , Jiaheng Liu , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has not only provided numerous opportunities but also presented significant challenges. This becomes particularly evident when LLMs inadvertently generate harmful or toxic content,…

Algorithmic systems, particularly social media recommenders, have achieved remarkable success in predicting behavior. By optimizing for observable signals such as clicks, views, and engagement, these systems effectively capture user…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Kristina Lerman

Recently there has been significant progress in the field of dialogue system thanks to the introduction of training paradigms such as fine-tune and prompt learning. Persona can function as the prior knowledge for maintaining the personality…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Yanbing Chen , Lin Li , Xiaohui Tao , Dong Zhou

Self-modification of agents embedded in complex environments is hard to avoid, whether it happens via direct means (e.g. own code modification) or indirectly (e.g. influencing the operator, exploiting bugs or the environment). It has been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-01-19 Jakub Tětek , Marek Sklenka , Tomáš Gavenčiak

Human cognition, driven by complex neurochemical processes, oscillates between imagination and reality and learns to self-correct whenever such subtle drifts lead to hallucinations or unsafe associations. In recent years, LLMs have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Sharanya Dasgupta , Arkaprabha Basu , Sujoy Nath , Swagatam Das

Widely used alignment techniques, such as reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), rely on the ability of humans to supervise model behavior - for example, to evaluate whether a model faithfully followed instructions or generated…

We identify a novel phenomenon in language models: benign fine-tuning of frontier models can lead to privacy collapse. We find that diverse, subtle patterns in training data can degrade contextual privacy, including optimisation for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Anmol Goel , Cornelius Emde , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh , Martin Gubri

Fine-tuning-based unlearning methods prevail for preventing targeted harmful, sensitive, or copyrighted information within large language models while preserving overall capabilities. However, the true effectiveness of these methods is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Yihuai Hong , Yuelin Zou , Lijie Hu , Ziqian Zeng , Di Wang , Haiqin Yang

Safety fine-tuning helps align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences for their safe deployment. To better understand the underlying factors that make models safe via safety fine-tuning, we design a synthetic data generation…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents, necessitating a deeper understanding of their decision-making behaviour under risk. This study investigates the relationship between LLMs' personality traits and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 John Hartley , Conor Hamill , Devesh Batra , Dale Seddon , Ramin Okhrati , Raad Khraishi

Personality traits have long been studied as predictors of human behavior. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) suggest similar patterns may emerge in artificial systems, with advanced LLMs displaying consistent behavioral…

Alignment faking is a form of strategic deception in AI in which models selectively comply with training objectives when they infer that they are in training, while preserving different behavior outside training. The phenomenon was first…