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Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are designed to optimize problem-solving by learning actions that maximize rewards, a task that becomes particularly challenging in random and nonstationary environments. Even advanced RL algorithms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Sebastian Zieglmeier , Niklas Erdmann , Narada D. Warakagoda

Language models trained with reinforcement learning (RL) can engage in reward hacking--the exploitation of unintended strategies for high reward--without revealing this behavior in their chain-of-thought reasoning. This makes the detection…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Miles Turpin , Andy Arditi , Marvin Li , Joe Benton , Julian Michael

Reinforcement learning (RL) commonly relies on scalar rewards with limited ability to express temporal, conditional, or safety-critical goals, and can lead to reward hacking. Temporal logic expressible via the more general class of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Dominik Wagner , Leon Witzman , Luke Ong

Adapting large language models (LLMs) via reinforcement learning (RL) is often bottlenecked by the generation stage, which can consume over 75\% of the training time. Speculative decoding (SD) accelerates autoregressive generation in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Qiaoling Chen , Zijun Liu , Peng Sun , Shenggui Li , Guoteng Wang , Ziming Liu , Yonggang Wen , Siyuan Feng , Tianwei Zhang

In sparse reward scenarios of reinforcement learning (RL), the memory mechanism provides promising shortcuts to policy optimization by reflecting on past experiences like humans. However, current memory-based RL methods simply store and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Renye Yan , Yaozhong Gan , You Wu , Junliang Xing , Ling Liangn , Yeshang Zhu , Yimao Cai

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables learning effective policies from fixed datasets without any environment interaction. Existing methods typically employ policy constraints to mitigate the distribution shift encountered during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Tan Jing , Xiaorui Li , Chao Yao , Xiaojuan Ban , Yuetong Fang , Renjing Xu , Zhaolin Yuan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly been applied to solve real-world planning problems, with progress in handling large state spaces and time horizons. However, a key bottleneck in many domains is that RL methods cannot accommodate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Lily Xu , Bryan Wilder , Elias B. Khalil , Milind Tambe

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool for tackling control problems, but its practical application is often hindered by the complexity arising from intricate reward functions with multiple terms. The reward hypothesis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Kilian Freitag , Kristian Ceder , Rita Laezza , Knut Åkesson , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective post-training paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language model (MLLM). However, current RL pipelines often suffer from training inefficiencies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Linghao Zhu , Yiran Guan , Dingkang Liang , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Bin Qin , Jian Luan , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has demonstrated its potential in solving complex manufacturing decision-making problems, especially in a context where the system learns over time with actual operation in the absence of training data. One…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-14 Miguel Neves , Pedro Neto

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) increasingly relies on sparse, outcome-level rewards -- yet determining which actions within a long trajectory caused the outcome remains difficult. This credit assignment (CA)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Chenchen Zhang

Reasoning in large language models has long been a central research focus, and recent studies employing reinforcement learning (RL) have introduced diverse methods that yield substantial performance gains with minimal or even no external…

Instruction-driven image editing with unified multimodal generative models has advanced rapidly, yet their underlying visual reasoning remains limited, leading to suboptimal performance on reasoning-centric edits. Reinforcement learning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Hengjia Li , Liming Jiang , Qing Yan , Yizhi Song , Hao Kang , Zichuan Liu , Xin Lu , Boxi Wu , Deng Cai

A significant bottleneck in applying current reinforcement learning algorithms to real-world scenarios is the need to reset the environment between every episode. This reset process demands substantial human intervention, making it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Sang-Hyun Lee , Seung-Woo Seo

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can model complex behavior policies for goal-directed sequential decision making tasks. A hallmark of RL algorithms is Temporal Difference (TD) learning: value function for the current state is moved towards a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-07 Sahil Sharma , Girish Raguvir J , Srivatsan Ramesh , Balaraman Ravindran

Reinforcement learning (rl) is a popular paradigm for sequential decision making problems. The past decade's advances in rl have led to breakthroughs in many challenging domains such as video games, board games, robotics, and chip design.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Yanick Schraner

Reinforcement learning with AI feedback (RLAIF) is a popular paradigm for improving the instruction-following abilities of powerful pre-trained language models. RLAIF first performs supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using demonstrations from a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Archit Sharma , Sedrick Keh , Eric Mitchell , Chelsea Finn , Kushal Arora , Thomas Kollar

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) demonstrate strong performance in complex tasks but often face the challenge of overthinking, leading to substantially high inference costs. Existing approaches synthesize shorter reasoning responses for LRMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Hexuan Deng , Wenxiang Jiao , Xuebo Liu , Jun Rao , Min Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training has enabled newer capabilities in models, such as agentic tool-use for search. However, these models struggle primarily due to limitations with sparse outcome-based rewards and a lack of training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Harsh Goel , Akhil Udathu , Susmija Jabireddy , Pradnesh Kalkar , Atharva Parulekar

Adaptive stochastic gradient methods such as AdaGrad have gained popularity in particular for training deep neural networks. The most commonly used and studied variant maintains a diagonal matrix approximation to second order information by…