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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications requiring long context lengths, but the key-value (KV) cache often becomes a memory bottleneck on GPUs as context grows. To address this, we propose Commutative Vector…

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has become a highly efficient approach for downstream tasks, particularly in scenarios with limited computational resources. However, applying LoRA techniques to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Yanxia Deng , Aozhong Zhang , Selcuk Gurses , Naigang Wang , Zi Yang , Penghang Yin

We report on aggressive quantization strategies that greatly accelerate inference of Recurrent Neural Network Transducers (RNN-T). We use a 4 bit integer representation for both weights and activations and apply Quantization Aware Training…

As large language models become increasingly prevalent, memory bandwidth constraints significantly limit inference throughput, motivating post-training quantization (PTQ). In this paper, we propose FireQ, a co-designed PTQ framework and an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Daehyeon Baek , Jieun Choi , Jimyoung Son , Kyungmin Bin , Seungbeom Choi , Kihyo Moon , Minsung Jang , Hyojung Lee

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) holds the promise in reducing the prohibitive computational cost at inference time. Quantization of all weight, activation and key-value (KV) cache tensors to 4-bit without…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Utkarsh Saxena , Sayeh Sharify , Kaushik Roy , Xin Wang

With the commercialization of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization has emerged to compress and accelerate LLMs, achieving high throughput while reducing inference costs. However, existing post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Jung Hyun Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , June Yong Yang , Se Jung Kwon , Eunho Yang , Kang Min Yoo , Dongsoo Lee

The rapid development of large language models (LLM) has greatly enhanced everyday applications. While many FPGA-based accelerators, with flexibility for fine-grained data control, exhibit superior speed and energy efficiency compared to…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Zifan He , Shengyu Ye , Rui Ma , Yang Wang , Jason Cong

Recently low-precision deep learning accelerators (DLAs) have become popular due to their advantages in chip area and energy consumption, yet the low-precision quantized models on these DLAs bring in severe accuracy degradation. One way to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-04 Qinghao Hu , Gang Li , Qiman Wu , Jian Cheng

Looped language models (LoopLMs) improve parameter efficiency by recursively reusing Transformer blocks, enabling deeper computation under a fixed model size. However, this reuse makes LoopLMs more fragile under post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Rui Fang , Hsi-Wen Chen , Ming-Syan Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance and vast potential across diverse tasks. However, the deployment of LLMs with high performance in low-resource environments has garnered significant attention in the industry.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-11 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Wenhuan Huang , Changqing Li , Duyi Wang , Bin Guo , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui , Weifei Yu , Yi Xie

Quantization is a critical technique for accelerating LLM inference by reducing memory footprint and improving computational efficiency. Among various schemes, 4-bit weight and 8-bit activation quantization (W4A8) offers a strong balance…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Huanqi Hu , Bowen Xiao , Shixuan Sun , Jianian Yin , Zhexi Zhang , Xiang Luo , Chengquan Jiang , Weiqi Xu , Xiaoying Jia , Xin Liu , Minyi Guo

Large-scale recommendation models are currently the dominant workload for many large Internet companies. These recommenders are characterized by massive embedding tables that are sparsely accessed by the index for user and item features.…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Yang Zhou , Zhen Dong , Ellick Chan , Dhiraj Kalamkar , Diana Marculescu , Kurt Keutzer

Modular quantum architectures have emerged as a promising approach for scaling quantum computing systems by connecting multiple Quantum Processing Units (QPUs). However, this approach introduces significant challenges due to costly…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-12 Sokea Sang , Leanghok Hour , Youngsun Han

Efficient parallelization of Large Language Models (LLMs) with long sequences is essential but challenging due to their significant computational and memory demands, particularly stemming from communication bottlenecks in attention…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Zongwu Wang , Fangxin Liu , Mingshuai Li , Li Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) are costly to deploy due to their large memory footprint and high inference cost. Weight-activation quantization can reduce these costs, but low-bit activation quantization remains difficult because activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chayne Thrash , Ali Abbasi , Soheil Kolouri

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by memory bandwidth, where the primary bottleneck is the cost of transferring model parameters from the GPU's global memory to its registers. When coupled with custom…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-20 Han Guo , William Brandon , Radostin Cholakov , Jonathan Ragan-Kelley , Eric P. Xing , Yoon Kim

Running Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is crucial for reducing latency, improving real-time processing, and enhancing privacy. By performing inference directly on the device, data does not need to be sent to the cloud,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Tianhua Xia , Sai Qian Zhang

Quantization is an effective technique to reduce the deployment cost of large language models (LLMs), and post-training quantization (PTQ) has been widely studied due to its efficiency. However, existing PTQ methods are limited by their…

When quantizing weights and activations to increasingly narrower representations, the cost of additions begins to dominate that of multiplications in multiply-accumulate (MAC) units. Recent studies show that reducing addition costs via…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Ian Colbert , Giuseppe Franco , Fabian Grob , Jinjie Zhang , Rayan Saab

Large reasoning models (LRMs) reach competition-level math and coding accuracy via long autoregressive decoding, making per-token decoding cost a primary deployment concern. Weight quantization is the standard tool for acceleration, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Euntae Choi , Sumin Song , Sungjoo Yoo