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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance by generating long reasoning traces with reflection. Through a large-scale empirical analysis, we find that a substantial fraction of reflective steps consist of self-verification…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Quanyu Long , Kai Jie Jiang , Jianda Chen , Xu Guo , Leilei Gan , Wenya Wang

While recent advances in large reasoning models have demonstrated remarkable performance, efficient reasoning remains critical due to the rapid growth of output length. Existing optimization approaches highlights a tendency toward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Kaiyuan Liu , Chen Shen , Zhanwei Zhang , Junjie Liu , Xiaosong Yuan , Jieping ye

Recent research enhances language model reasoning by scaling test-time compute via longer chain-of-thought traces. This often improves accuracy but also introduces redundancy and high computational cost, especially for small language models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xuechen Zhang , Zijian Huang , Chenshun Ni , Ziyang Xiong , Jiasi Chen , Samet Oymak

As reasoning LLMs increasingly trade tokens for accuracy through deliberation, search, and self-correction, a single accuracy score can no longer tell whether those tokens buy useful reasoning, recovery from hard instances, or unnecessary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Daniel Kaiser , Arnoldo Frigessi , Ali Ramezani-Kebrya , Benjamin Ricaud

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has been shown to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), enabling the development of large reasoning models (LRMs). However, LRMs such as DeepSeek-R1 and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Yuhao Wang , Xiaopeng Li , Cheng Gong , Ziru Liu , Suiyun Zhang , Rui Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) that can continually improve beyond their training budgets are able to solve increasingly difficult problems by adapting at test time, a property we refer to as extrapolation. However, standard reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Ian Wu , Yuxiao Qu , Amrith Setlur , Aviral Kumar

DeepSeek R1 has significantly advanced complex reasoning for large language models (LLMs). While recent methods have attempted to replicate R1's reasoning capabilities in multimodal settings, they face limitations, including inconsistencies…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Zhehan Kan , Yanlin Liu , Kun Yin , Xinghua Jiang , Xin Li , Haoyu Cao , Yinsong Liu , Deqiang Jiang , Xing Sun , Qingmin Liao , Wenming Yang

Large language models (LLMs) tackle complex tasks by generating long chains of thought or "reasoning traces" that act as latent variables in the generation of an output given a query. A model's ability to generate such traces can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Alexander Gurung , Nikolay Malkin , Mirella Lapata

Assessing higher-order thinking skills in large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge, especially in tasks that go beyond surface-level accuracy. In this work, we propose THiNK (Testing Higher-order Notion of Knowledge), a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Yongan Yu , Mengqian Wu , Yiran Lin , Nikki G. Lobczowski

While large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential across various domains, their applications in robotics remain largely limited to static prompt-based behaviors and still face challenges in complex tasks under zero-shot or…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Wenjie Lin , Jin Wei-Kocsis , Jiansong Zhang , Byung-Cheol Min , Dongming Gan , Paul Asunda , Ragu Athinarayanan

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex tasks thanks to advances in their reasoning abilities. However, existing methods overlook the trade-off between reasoning effectiveness and efficiency, often encouraging unnecessarily long…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Jingyao Wang , Wenwen Qiang , Zeen Song , Changwen Zheng , Hui Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit strong linguistic abilities while remaining unreliable on multi-step reasoning tasks, particularly when deployed without additional training or fine-tuning. In this work, we study inference-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Vinay Sharma , Manish Jain

Despite the success of test-time scaling, Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) frequently encounter repetitive loops that lead to computational waste and inference failure. In this paper, we identify a distinct failure mode termed Circular…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Zenghao Duan , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Wenbin Duan , Yuxin Tian , Shicheng Xu , Jingcheng Deng , Zhiyi Yin , Xueqi Cheng

There is intense interest in investigating how inference time compute (ITC) (e.g. repeated sampling, refinements, etc) can improve large language model (LLM) capabilities. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in reasoning models, such as…

R1-style LLMs have attracted growing attention for their capacity for self-reflection, yet the internal mechanisms underlying such behavior remain unclear. To bridge this gap, we anchor on the onset of reflection behavior and trace its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Yanrui Du , Yibo Gao , Sendong Zhao , Jiayun Li , Haochun Wang , Qika Lin , Kai He , Bing Qin , Mengling Feng

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks by generating long, multi-step reasoning trajectories, but inference-time scaling incurs substantial deployment cost. A key challenge is that generation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Jiwon Song , Yoongon Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning abilities but often produce unnecessarily long explanations that reduce efficiency. Although reinforcement learning (RL) has been used to improve reasoning, most methods focus on accuracy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Hanbing Liu , Lang Cao , Yuanyi Ren , Mengyu Zhou , Haoyu Dong , Xiaojun Ma , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Most flagship language models generate explicit reasoning chains, enabling inference-time scaling. However, producing these reasoning chains increases token usage (i.e., reasoning tokens), which in turn increases latency and costs. Our…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Abhinav Kumar , Jaechul Roh , Ali Naseh , Marzena Karpinska , Mohit Iyyer , Amir Houmansadr , Eugene Bagdasarian

Recent reasoning large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable improvements in mathematical reasoning capabilities through long Chain-of-Thought. The reasoning tokens of these models enable self-correction within reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Yu Cui , Bryan Hooi , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have improved substantially through increased test-time computation, typically in the form of intermediate tokens known as chain-of-thought (CoT). However, CoT often becomes…