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The dual offensive and defensive utility of Large Language Models (LLMs) highlights a critical gap in AI security: the lack of unified frameworks for dynamic, iterative adversarial adaptation hardening. To bridge this gap, we propose the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Lige Huang , Zicheng Liu , Jie Zhang , Lewen Yan , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

The proliferation of jailbreak attacks against large language models (LLMs) highlights the need for robust security measures. However, in multi-round dialogues, malicious intentions may be hidden in interactions, leading LLMs to be more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Weiyang Guo , Jing Li , Wenya Wang , YU LI , Daojing He , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

Developing Large Language Models (LLMs) to cooperate and compete effectively within multi-agent systems (MASs) is a critical step towards more advanced intelligence. While reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective for enhancing…

Search agents connect LLMs to the Internet, enabling them to access broader and more up-to-date information. However, this also introduces a new threat surface: unreliable search results can mislead agents into producing unsafe outputs.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Jianshuo Dong , Sheng Guo , Hao Wang , Xun Chen , Zhuotao Liu , Tianwei Zhang , Ke Xu , Minlie Huang , Han Qiu

Language Model Models (LLMs) have improved dramatically in the past few years, increasing their adoption and the scope of their capabilities over time. A significant amount of work is dedicated to ``model alignment'', i.e., preventing LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Abhishek Singhania , Christophe Dupuy , Shivam Mangale , Amani Namboori

Recent advances in reinforcement learning have shown that language models can develop sophisticated reasoning through training on tasks with verifiable rewards, but these approaches depend on human-curated problem-answer pairs and…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

We study how to synthesize a robust and safe policy for autonomous systems under signal temporal logic (STL) tasks in adversarial settings against unknown dynamic agents. To ensure the worst-case STL satisfaction, we propose STLGame, a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Shuo Yang , Hongrui Zheng , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , George Pappas , Rahul Mangharam

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, but their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks poses significant security risks. This survey paper presents a comprehensive analysis…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Tarun Raheja , Nilay Pochhi , F. D. C. M. Curie

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in capability and influence, ensuring their security and preventing harmful outputs has become crucial. A promising approach to address these concerns involves training models to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Muxi Diao , Rumei Li , Shiyang Liu , Guogang Liao , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Weiran Xu

Language Model Agents (LMAs) are emerging as a powerful primitive for augmenting red-team operations. They can support attack planning, adversary emulation, and the orchestration of multi-step activity such as lateral movement, a core…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Mohammad Mamun , Mohamed Gaber , Scott Buffett , Sherif Saad

This paper presents a controlled study of adversarial reinforcement learning in network security through a custom OpenAI Gym environment that models brute-force attacks and reactive defenses on multi-port services. The environment captures…

Self-play, a learning paradigm where agents iteratively refine their policies by interacting with historical or concurrent versions of themselves or other evolving agents, has shown remarkable success in solving complex non-cooperative…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Ruize Zhang , Zelai Xu , Chengdong Ma , Chao Yu , Wei-Wei Tu , Wenhao Tang , Shiyu Huang , Deheng Ye , Wenbo Ding , Yaodong Yang , Yu Wang

As vision-language models (VLMs) gain prominence, their multimodal interfaces also introduce new safety vulnerabilities, making the safety evaluation challenging and critical. Existing red-teaming efforts are either restricted to a narrow…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Zhaorun Chen , Xun Liu , Mintong Kang , Jiawei Zhang , Minzhou Pan , Shuang Yang , Bo Li

As LLMs gain persuasive capabilities through extended dialogues, they create new opportunities for studying adversarial conversational behavior in extended interaction settings that traditional single-turn safety evaluations fail to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Xiangzhe Yuan , Zhenhao Zhang , Haoming Tang , Siying Hu

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant privacy, security, and ethical concerns. While much research has proposed methods for defending LLM systems against misuse by malicious actors, researchers have recently…

Robust Reinforcement Learning (RL) focuses on improving performances under model errors or adversarial attacks, which facilitates the real-life deployment of RL agents. Robust Adversarial Reinforcement Learning (RARL) is one of the most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-27 Peide Huang , Mengdi Xu , Fei Fang , Ding Zhao

The emergence of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) introduces a new paradigm of explicit reasoning, enabling remarkable advances yet posing unique risks such as reasoning manipulation and information leakage. To mitigate these risks, current…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Jingnan Zheng , Jingjun Xu , Yanzhen Luo , Chenhang Cui , Gelei Deng , Zhenkai Liang , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have developed rapidly in web services, delivering unprecedented capabilities while amplifying societal risks. Existing works tend to focus on either isolated jailbreak attacks or static defenses, neglecting the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Xurui Li , Kaisong Song , Rui Zhu , Pin-Yu Chen , Haixu Tang

Much of recent success in multiagent reinforcement learning has been in two-player zero-sum games. In these games, algorithms such as fictitious self-play and minimax tree search can converge to an approximate Nash equilibrium. While…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2019-12-11 Alexander Shmakov , John Lanier , Stephen McAleer , Rohan Achar , Cristina Lopes , Pierre Baldi