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Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a prominent generative AI tool, where the user enters a query and the LLM generates an answer. To reduce harm and misuse, efforts have been made to align these LLMs to human values using advanced…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Xiaomeng Hu , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

Jailbreak attacks pose a serious threat to the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) by crafting adversarial prompts that bypass alignment mechanisms, causing the models to produce harmful, restricted, or biased content. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Xiangman Li , Xiaodong Wu , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Despite extensive safety-tuning, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks via adversarially crafted instructions, reflecting a persistent trade-off between safety and task performance. In this work, we propose…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Wei Jie Yeo , Ranjan Satapathy , Erik Cambria

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools for answering user queries, yet they remain highly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. Existing guardrail methods typically rely on internal features or textual responses to detect malicious…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Zikai Zhang , Rui Hu , Olivera Kotevska , Jiahao Xu

Jailbreak attacks pose significant threats to large language models (LLMs), enabling attackers to bypass safeguards. However, existing reactive defense approaches struggle to keep up with the rapidly evolving multi-turn jailbreaks, where…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Siyuan Li , Xi Lin , Jun Wu , Zehao Liu , Haoyu Li , Tianjie Ju , Xiang Chen , Jianhua Li

In recent years, the security vulnerabilities of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a serious concern in the Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) research. These highly intelligent models, capable of performing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Joaquin Molto , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into critical systems in industries like healthcare and finance. Users can often submit queries to LLM-enabled chatbots, some of which can enrich responses with information retrieved…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Sayon Palit , Daniel Woods

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents demonstrate strong capabilities in autonomous task execution, tool use, and multi-step reasoning. However, their increasing autonomy also introduces a new attack surface: adversarial interactions…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Sheldon Yu , Yingcheng Sun , Hanqing Guo , Julian McAuley , Qianqian Tong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) rely on attention-based retrieval of safety instructions to maintain alignment during generation. Existing attacks typically optimize image perturbations to maximize harmful output likelihood, but suffer…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Jingru Li , Wei Ren , Tianqing Zhu

With the rapid advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), securing these models against malicious inputs while aligning them with human values has emerged as a critical challenge. In this paper, we investigate an important…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Weidi Luo , Siyuan Ma , Xiaogeng Liu , Xiaoyu Guo , Chaowei Xiao

Integrated Speech and Large Language Models (SLMs) that can follow speech instructions and generate relevant text responses have gained popularity lately. However, the safety and robustness of these models remains largely unclear. In this…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly become integral to numerous applications in critical domains where reliability is paramount. Despite significant advances in safety frameworks and guardrails, current protective measures exhibit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Bibek Upadhayay , Vahid Behzadan , Ph. D

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) unlock powerful multimodal reasoning but also expand the attack surface, particularly through adversarial inputs that conceal harmful goals in benign prompts. We propose SHIELD, a lightweight,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in critical applications has introduced severe reliability and security risks, as LLMs remain vulnerable to notorious threats such as hallucinations, jailbreak attacks, and backdoor…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Shide Zhou , Kailong Wang , Ling Shi , Haoyu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) guardrail systems are designed to protect against prompt injection and jailbreak attacks. However, they remain vulnerable to evasion techniques. We demonstrate two approaches for bypassing LLM prompt injection…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 William Hackett , Lewis Birch , Stefan Trawicki , Neeraj Suri , Peter Garraghan

Large Language Model (LLM) alignment remains vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that elicit unsafe responses, motivating pre-model and post-model guards. Pre-model guards audit the safety of prompts before invoking target models. However,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Hongyu Cai , Arjun Arunasalam , Yiming Liang , Antonio Bianchi , Z. Berkay Celik

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized vision-language understanding but remain vulnerable to multimodal jailbreak attacks, where adversarial inputs are meticulously crafted to elicit harmful or inappropriate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Sejoon Oh , Yiqiao Jin , Megha Sharma , Donghyun Kim , Eric Ma , Gaurav Verma , Srijan Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that bypass safety guidelines and generate harmful content. Mitigating these vulnerabilities requires defense mechanisms that are both robust and computationally efficient.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Gil Goren , Shahar Katz , Lior Wolf

Large language model (LLM) safety classifiers such as Llama Guard are effective at detecting overtly harmful prompts but remain vulnerable to adversarial jailbreak attacks that disguise malicious intent through role-play scenarios,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Lixing Lin , Juli You , Yue Li , Luyun Lin , Yiqing Wang , Zhen Zhang , Moxuan Zheng