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Real-world systems often encounter new data over time, which leads to experiencing target domain shifts. Existing Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) methods tend to apply computationally heavy and memory-intensive backpropagation-based approaches…

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face significant deployment challenges due to inter-subject variability, signal non-stationarity, and computational constraints. While test-time adaptation (TTA) mitigates…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Siyang Li , Jiayi Ouyang , Zhenyao Cui , Ziwei Wang , Tianwang Jia , Feng Wan , Dongrui Wu

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have shown strong potential for learning generalizable representations from large-scale neural data, yet their clinical deployment is hindered by distribution shifts across clinical settings,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Gabriel Jason Lee , Jathurshan Pradeepkumar , Jimeng Sun

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances the zero-shot robustness under distribution shifts by leveraging unlabeled test data during inference. Despite notable advances, several challenges still limit its broader applicability. First, most…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Youjia Zhang , Youngeun Kim , Young-Geun Choi , Hongyeob Kim , Huiling Liu , Sungeun Hong

The practical utility of Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems is undermined by their fragility to domain shifts, such as speaker variability, the distinction between acted and naturalistic emotions, and cross-corpus variations. While…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-26 Jiaheng Dong , Hong Jia , Ting Dang

Acoustic foundation models, fine-tuned for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), suffer from performance degradation in wild acoustic test settings when deployed in real-world scenarios. Stabilizing online Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) under…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Hongfu Liu , Hengguan Huang , Ye Wang

This paper introduces a novel application of Test-Time Training (TTT) for Speech Enhancement, addressing the challenges posed by unpredictable noise conditions and domain shifts. This method combines a main speech enhancement task with a…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-21 Avishkar Behera , Riya Ann Easow , Venkatesh Parvathala , K. Sri Rama Murty

Spoken Language Models (SLMs) are increasingly central to modern speech-driven applications, but performance degrades under acoustic shift - real-world noise, reverberation, and microphone variation. Prior solutions rely on offline domain…

Test-time adaptation (TTA) seeks to tackle potential distribution shifts between training and test data by adapting a given model w.r.t. any test sample. Although recent TTA has shown promising performance, we still face two key challenges:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Mingkui Tan , Guohao Chen , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yaofo Chen , Peilin Zhao , Shuaicheng Niu

Real-world deployment often exposes models to distribution shifts, making test-time adaptation (TTA) critical for robustness. Yet most TTA methods are unfriendly to edge deployment, as they rely on backpropagation, activation buffering, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Xinyu Luo , Jie Liu , Kecheng Chen , Junyi Yang , Bo Ding , Arindam Basu , Haoliang Li

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) has emerged as a crucial solution to the domain shift challenge, wherein the target environment diverges from the original training environment. A prime exemplification is TTA for Automatic Speech Recognition…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Eunseop Yoon , Hee Suk Yoon , John Harvill , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chang D. Yoo

While there are many advantages to deploying machine learning models on edge devices, the resource constraints of mobile platforms, the dynamic nature of the environment, and differences between the distribution of training versus…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Cynthia Dong , Hong Jia , Young D. Kwon , Georgios Rizos , Cecilia Mascolo

Recent years have seen significant progress in Text-To-Audio (TTA) synthesis, enabling users to enrich their creative workflows with synthetic audio generated from natural language prompts. Despite this progress, the effects of data, model…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Sang-gil Lee , Zhifeng Kong , Arushi Goel , Sungwon Kim , Rafael Valle , Bryan Catanzaro

Speech emotion recognition (SER) with audio-language models (ALMs) remains vulnerable to distribution shifts at test time, leading to performance degradation in out-of-domain scenarios. Test-time adaptation (TTA) provides a promising…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Jiacheng Shi , Hongfei Du , Y. Alicia Hong , Ye Gao

Test-time adaptation (TTA) allows a model to be adapted to an unseen domain without accessing the source data. Due to the nature of practical environments, TTA has a limited amount of data for adaptation. Recent TTA methods further restrict…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Younggeol Cho , Youngrae Kim , Junho Yoon , Seunghoon Hong , Dongman Lee

Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses distribution shifts for streaming test data in unsupervised settings. Currently, most TTA methods can only deal with minor shifts and rely heavily on heuristic and empirical studies. To advance TTA under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Shurui Gui , Xiner Li , Shuiwang Ji

Active Test-Time Adaptation (ATTA) improves model robustness under domain shift by selectively querying human annotations at deployment, but existing methods use heuristic uncertainty measures and suffer from low data selection efficiency,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Tingyu Shi , Fan Lyu , Shaoliang Peng

Deep Learning-based end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has made significant strides but still struggles with performance on out-of-domain samples due to domain shifts in real-world scenarios. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) methods…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-10-04 Guan-Ting Lin , Wei-Ping Huang , Hung-yi Lee

On-device adapting to continual, unpredictable domain shifts is essential for mobile applications like autonomous driving and augmented reality to deliver seamless user experiences in evolving environments. Test-time adaptation (TTA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Cheng Fang , Sicong Liu , Zimu Zhou , Bin Guo , Jiaqi Tang , Ke Ma , Zhiwen Yu

Test-time adaptation (TTA) seeks to tackle potential distribution shifts between training and testing data by adapting a given model w.r.t. any testing sample. This task is particularly important for deep models when the test environment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-01 Shuaicheng Niu , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yaofo Chen , Shijian Zheng , Peilin Zhao , Mingkui Tan
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