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Empirical scaling laws for language models have encouraged the development of ever-larger LLMs, despite their growing computational and memory costs. Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) offer a promising alternative by activating only a subset…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Zeliang Zhang , Nikhil Ghosh , Jiani Liu , Bin Yu , Xiaodong Liu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the dominant choice for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs), activating only a subset of parameters per token. While MoE architectures are primarily adopted for computational efficiency,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jeremy Herbst , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables efficient scaling of large language models (LLMs) with sparsely activated experts during inference. To effectively deploy large MoE models on memory-constrained devices, many systems introduce *expert…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jingcong Liang , Siyuan Wang , Miren Tian , Yitong Li , Duyu Tang , Zhongyu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) presents a naturally compatible and scalable framework for multimodal learning, demonstrating strong adaptability across diverse modalities and tasks. Despite its growing success, a comprehensive and systematic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Liangwei Nathan Zheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Olaf Maennel , Lin Yue , Weitong Chen

Model editing aims to efficiently alter the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) within a desired scope, while ensuring no adverse impact on other inputs. Recent years have witnessed various model editing methods been proposed. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Renzhi Wang , Piji Li

Scaling large language models has driven remarkable advancements across various domains, yet the continual increase in model size presents significant challenges for real-world deployment. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture offers a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Shwai He , Daize Dong , Liang Ding , Ang Li

Scale has opened new frontiers in natural language processing, but at a high cost. In response, by learning to only activate a subset of parameters in training and inference, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) have been proposed as an energy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Xingchen Song , Di Wu , Binbin Zhang , Dinghao Zhou , Zhendong Peng , Bo Dang , Fuping Pan , Chao Yang

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) has emerged as a key to achieving unprecedented scalability in deep learning. By activating only a small subset of parameters per sample, SMoE achieves an exponential increase in parameter counts while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Tam Nguyen , Ngoc N. Tran , Khai Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of numerous specialized, task-specific variants. However, the maintenance and deployment of these individual models present substantial challenges in terms of resource utilization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo

End-to-end models with large capacity have significantly improved multilingual automatic speech recognition, but their computation cost poses challenges for on-device applications. We propose a streaming truly multilingual Conformer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Ke Hu , Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Yu Zhang , Francoise Beaufays

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) presents a dual challenge of balancing parameter efficiency and model capacity. Existing methods like low-rank adaptations (LoRA) are efficient but lack flexibility, while…

In this paper, we introduce a novel dynamic expert selection framework for Mixture of Experts (MoE) models, aiming to enhance computational efficiency and model performance by adjusting the number of activated experts based on input…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-13 Quzhe Huang , Zhenwei An , Nan Zhuang , Mingxu Tao , Chen Zhang , Yang Jin , Kun Xu , Kun Xu , Liwei Chen , Songfang Huang , Yansong Feng

Medical image retrieval (MIR) is a critical component of computer-aided diagnosis, yet existing systems suffer from three persistent limitations: uniform feature encoding that fails to account for the varying clinical importance of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Aojie Yuan

For robots navigating in human-populated environments, safety and social compliance are equally critical, yet prior work has mostly emphasized safety. Socially compliant navigation that accounts for human comfort, social norms, and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Tomohito Kawabata , Xinyu Zhang , Ling Xiao

Mixture of experts (MoE) architectures have become a cornerstone for scaling up and are a key component in most large language models such as GPT-OSS, DeepSeek-V3, Llama-4, and Gemini-2.5. However, systematic research on MoE remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Nam V. Nguyen , Thong T. Doan , Luong Tran , Van Nguyen , Quang Pham

Large language models (LLM) have been attracting much attention from the community recently, due to their remarkable performance in all kinds of downstream tasks. According to the well-known scaling law, scaling up a dense LLM enhances its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Zhenpeng Su , Xing Wu , Zijia Lin , Yizhe Xiong , Minxuan Lv , Guangyuan Ma , Hui Chen , Songlin Hu , Guiguang Ding

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) benefits from a dynamic routing mechanism among their specialized experts, which existing Parameter- Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) strategies fail to leverage. This motivates us to investigate whether adaptation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Yilun Liu , Yunpu Ma , Yuetian Lu , Shuo Chen , Zifeng Ding , Volker Tresp

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are widely adopted to scale up model capacity without increasing the computation budget. However, vanilla TopK routers are trained in a discontinuous, non-differentiable way, limiting their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Ziteng Wang , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models effectively increase the number of parameters while maintaining consistent computational costs per token. However, vanilla MoE models often suffer from limited diversity and specialization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Lei Kang , Jia Li , Mi Tian , Hua Huang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly reduced inference costs through sparse activation. However, this sparse activation paradigm also introduces new safety challenges. Since only a subset…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Jona te Lintelo , Lichao Wu , Marina Krček , Sengim Karayalçin , Stjepan Picek