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We present OpenDriveVLA, a Vision Language Action model designed for end-to-end autonomous driving, built upon open-source large language models. OpenDriveVLA generates spatially grounded driving actions by leveraging multimodal inputs,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Xingcheng Zhou , Xuyuan Han , Feng Yang , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp , Alois Knoll

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding and analyzing visual scenes across various domains. However, in the context of autonomous driving, their limited comprehension of 3D environments restricts…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Jannik Lübberstedt , Esteban Rivera , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have sparked interest in their use for autonomous driving, particularly in generating interpretable driving decisions through natural language. However, the assumption that VLMs…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Shaoyuan Xie , Lingdong Kong , Yuhao Dong , Chonghao Sima , Wenwei Zhang , Qi Alfred Chen , Ziwei Liu , Liang Pan

One promise that Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models hold over traditional imitation learning for robotics is to leverage the broad generalization capabilities of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to produce versatile, "generalist" robot…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Irving Fang , Juexiao Zhang , Shengbang Tong , Chen Feng

Reasoning Vision Language Action (VLA) models improve robotic instruction-following by generating step-by-step textual plans before low-level actions, an approach inspired by Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language models. Yet even…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Yilin Wu , Anqi Li , Tucker Hermans , Fabio Ramos , Andrea Bajcsy , Claudia Pérez-D'Arpino

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) paradigms in autonomous driving primarily rely on Imitation Learning (IL), which introduces inherent challenges such as distribution shift and causal confusion. Online Reinforcement Learning offers a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Haoyu Fu , Diankun Zhang , Zongchuang Zhao , Jianfeng Cui , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Dingkang Liang , Xiang Bai

The rapid advancement of generative AI and multi-modal foundation models has shown significant potential in advancing robotic manipulation. Vision-language-action (VLA) models, in particular, have emerged as a promising approach for…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Zhijie Wang , Zhehua Zhou , Jiayang Song , Yuheng Huang , Zhan Shu , Lei Ma

Vision-language-action models have reshaped autonomous driving to incorporate languages into the decision-making process. However, most existing pipelines only utilize the language modality for scene descriptions or reasoning and lack the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Sicheng Zuo , Yuxuan Li , Wenzhao Zheng , Zheng Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general visual tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, their effectiveness in specialized, safety-critical domains like…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Tong Zeng , Longfeng Wu , Liang Shi , Dawei Zhou , Feng Guo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA)-based driving systems represent a significant paradigm shift in autonomous driving since, by combining traffic scene understanding, linguistic interpretation, and action generation, these systems enable more…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Gerhard Yu , Fuyuki Ishikawa , Oluwafemi Odu , Alvine Boaye Belle

The advent of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has significantly advanced end-to-end autonomous driving, demonstrating powerful reasoning abilities for high-level behavior planning tasks. However, existing methods are often constrained by a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Weicheng Zheng , Xiaofei Mao , Nanfei Ye , Pengxiang Li , Kun Zhan , Xianpeng Lang , Hang Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models improve action generation by conditioning policies on rich vision-language information. However, current auto-regressive policies are constrained by three bottlenecks: (1) architectural bias drives models…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Yichi Zhang , Weihao Yuan , Yizhuo Zhang , Xidong Zhang , Jia Wan

A fundamental challenge in autonomous driving is the integration of high-level, semantic reasoning for long-tail events with low-level, reactive control for robust driving. While large vision-language models (VLMs) trained on web-scale data…

The rise of multi-modal large language models(MLLMs) has spurred their applications in autonomous driving. Recent MLLM-based methods perform action by learning a direct mapping from perception to action, neglecting the dynamics of the world…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-06 Julong Wei , Shanshuai Yuan , Pengfei Li , Qingda Hu , Zhongxue Gan , Wenchao Ding

Existing benchmarks for Vision-Language Model (VLM) on autonomous driving (AD) primarily assess interpretability through open-form visual question answering (QA) within coarse-grained tasks, which remain insufficient to assess capabilities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Yue Li , Meng Tian , Zhenyu Lin , Jiangtong Zhu , Dechang Zhu , Haiqiang Liu , Zining Wang , Yueyi Zhang , Zhiwei Xiong , Xinhai Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for end-to-end autonomous driving, yet their reliance on implicit parametric knowledge limits generalization in long-tail scenarios. While Retrieval-Augmented…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Rui Zhao , Haofeng Hu , Zhenhai Gao , Jiaqiao Liu , Gao Fei

Vision Language Action (VLA) models represent a transformative shift in robotics, with the aim of unifying visual perception, natural language understanding, and embodied control within a single learning framework. This review presents a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Muhayy Ud Din , Waseem Akram , Lyes Saad Saoud , Jan Rosell , Irfan Hussain

Visual Language Action (VLA) models are a multi-modal class of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that integrate visual perception, natural language understanding, and action planning to enable agents to interpret their environment,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Pablo Valle , Chengjie Lu , Shaukat Ali , Aitor Arrieta

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently been leveraged to generate robotic actions, forming Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. However, directly adapting a pretrained VLM for robotic control remains challenging, particularly when…

With the rise of vision-language models (VLM), their application for autonomous driving (VLM4AD) has gained significant attention. Meanwhile, in autonomous driving, closed-loop evaluation has become widely recognized as a more reliable…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Xiaosong Jia , Yuqian Shao , Zhenjie Yang , Qifeng Li , Zhiyuan Zhang , Junchi Yan