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Applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) shows significant promise for complex video reasoning. However, popular Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) methods, such as outcome-based Group Relative Policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Zitao Li , Zhenyu Liu , Longyue Wang , Wenhan Luo , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in partially observable environments poses significant challenges due to the complexity of learning under uncertainty. While additional information, such as that available in simulations, can enhance training,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Yueheng Li , Guangming Xie , Zongqing Lu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) offers a promising framework for optimizing large language models in reasoning tasks. However, existing RLVR algorithms focus on different granularities, and each has complementary…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Zijun Min , Bingshuai Liu , Ante Wang , Long Zhang , Anxiang Zeng , Haibo Zhang , Jinsong Su

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has significantly enhanced the reasoning capability of large language models by optimizing the arithmetic mean of token-level rewards. Unfortunately, GRPO is observed to suffer from unstable policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Yuzhong Zhao , Yue Liu , Junpeng Liu , Jingye Chen , Xun Wu , Yaru Hao , Tengchao Lv , Shaohan Huang , Lei Cui , Qixiang Ye , Fang Wan , Furu Wei

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is highly effective for post-training autoregressive (AR) language models, yet its direct application to diffusion large language models (dLLMs) often triggers reward collapse. We identify two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Jianyuan Zhong , Kaibo Wang , Ding Ding , Zijin Feng , Haoli Bai , Yang Xiang , Jiacheng Sun , Qiang Xu

Process reward models (PRMs) allow for fine-grained credit assignment in reinforcement learning (RL), and seemingly contrast with outcome reward models (ORMs), which assign a single reward to an entire trajectory. However, we provide…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Michael Sullivan , Alexander Koller

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven highly effective in enhancing the alignment capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current adaptations of GRPO for the flow matching-based image generation neglect a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Yawen Shao , Jie Xiao , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), especially in scenarios where supervised fine-tuning (SFT) falls short due to limited…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Jian Xiong , Jingbo Zhou , Jingyong Ye , Qiang Huang , Dejing Dou

Reinforcement learning often needs to deal with the exponential growth of states and actions when exploring optimal control in high-dimensional spaces (often known as the curse of dimensionality). In this work, we address this issue by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-23 Yining Li , Peizhong Ju , Ness Shroff

Recently, prefix-tuning has gained increasing attention as a parameter-efficient finetuning method for large-scale pretrained language models. The method keeps the pretrained models fixed and only updates the prefix token parameters for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-22 Zonghan Yang , Yang Liu

We introduce Topic Grouper as a complementary approach in the field of probabilistic topic modeling. Topic Grouper creates a disjunctive partitioning of the training vocabulary in a stepwise manner such that resulting partitions represent…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-04-16 Daniel Pfeifer , Jochen L. Leidner

Aligning denoising generative models with human preferences or verifiable rewards remains a key challenge. While policy-gradient online reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled post-training framework, its direct application is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Bingda Tang , Yuhui Zhang , Xiaohan Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Ludwig Schmidt , Serena Yeung-Levy

While Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) offers a powerful framework for LLM post-training, its effectiveness in open-ended domains like Machine Translation hinges on accurate intra-group ranking. We identify that standard Scalar…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Sen Yang , Shanbo Cheng , Lu Xu , Jianbing Zhang , Shujian Huang

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has become a key technique for improving reasoning abilities in large language models, yet its behavior under different domain sequencing strategies is poorly understood. In particular, the impact…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Wang Yang , Shouren Wang , Chaoda Song , Chuang Ma , Xinpeng Li , Nengbo Wang , Kaixiong Zhou , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

Search agents extend Large Language Models (LLMs) beyond static parametric knowledge by enabling access to up-to-date and long-tail information unavailable during pretraining. While reinforcement learning has been widely adopted for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Junzhe Wang , Zhiheng Xi , Yajie Yang , Hao Luo , Shihan Dou , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang

Safe and feasible trajectory planning is critical for real-world autonomous driving systems. However, existing learning-based planners rely heavily on expert demonstrations, which not only lack explicit safety awareness but also risk…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Xiaolong Tang , Meina Kan , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is central to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) in reasoning tasks with verifiable rewards. However, standard token-level PPO struggles in this setting due to the instability of temporal credit…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Tianyi Wang , Yixia Li , Long Li , Yibiao Chen , Shaohan Huang , Yun Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Text-to-audio (T2A) generation has advanced considerably in recent years, yet existing methods continue to face challenges in accurately rendering complex text prompts, particularly those involving intricate audio effects, and achieving…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-03 Yi Gu , Yanqing Liu , Chen Yang , Sheng Zhao

RLVR has enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various tasks. However, GRPO, a representative RLVR algorithm, suffers from a critical limitation: when all responses within a group are either entirely…

One important direction of Federated Foundation Models (FedFMs) is leveraging data from small client models to enhance the performance of a large server-side foundation model. Existing methods based on model level or representation level…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Gongxi Zhu , Hanlin Gu , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang , Yuxing Han