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Large Language Models are growing in size, and we expect them to continue to do so, as larger models train quicker. However, this increase in size will severely impact inference costs. Therefore model compression is important, to retain the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Georgy Tyukin

Cache fusion accelerates generation process of LLMs equipped with RAG through KV caching and selective token recomputation, thereby reducing computational costs and improving efficiency. However, existing methods primarily rely on local…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Jianxin Yan , Zeheng Qian , Wangze Ni , Zhitao Shen , Zhiping Wang , Haoyang Li , Jia Zhu , Lei Chen , Kui Ren

Large language models face significant computational and memory challenges when processing long contexts. During inference, efficient management of the key-value (KV) cache, which stores intermediate activations for autoregressive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Yuxuan Zhu , Ali Falahati , David H. Yang , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating responses from diverse visual inputs, including high-resolution images and long video sequences. As these models scale…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Junwan Kim , Hyunkyung Bae

The deployment of long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) poses significant challenges due to the intense computational cost of self-attention and the substantial memory overhead of the Key-Value Cache (KV Cache). In this paper, we…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Haoxuan Wang , Chen Wang

Incorporating external knowledge in large language models (LLMs) enhances their utility across diverse applications, but existing methods have trade-offs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) fetches evidence via similarity search, but key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Giulio Corallo , Orion Weller , Fabio Petroni , Paolo Papotti

Long-context inference in large language models (LLMs) is increasingly constrained by the KV cache bottleneck: memory usage grows linearly with sequence length, while attention computation scales quadratically. Existing approaches address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Huanxuan Liao , Yixing Xu , Shizhu He , Guanchen Li , Xuanwu Yin , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Key-Value cache (\texttt{KV} \texttt{cache}) compression has emerged as a promising technique to optimize Large Language Model (LLM) serving. It primarily decreases the memory consumption of \texttt{KV} \texttt{cache} to reduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Wei Gao , Xinyu Zhou , Peng Sun , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Memory consumption of the Key-Value (KV) cache represents a major bottleneck for efficient large language model inference. While attention-score-based KV cache pruning shows promise, it faces critical practical limitations: attention scores…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Alessio Devoto , Maximilian Jeblick , Simon Jégou

Techniques enabling large language models (LLMs) to "think more" by generating and attending to intermediate reasoning steps have shown promise in solving complex problems. However, the standard approaches generate sequences of discrete…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Luyang Liu , Jonas Pfeiffer , Jiaxing Wu , Jun Xie , Arthur Szlam

Inference on large language models (LLMs) can be expensive in terms of the compute and memory costs involved, especially when long sequence lengths are used. In particular, the self-attention mechanism used in LLM inference contributes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Prajwal Singhania , Siddharth Singh , Shwai He , Soheil Feizi , Abhinav Bhatele

Large Language Models (LLMs) require substantial computational resources during generation. While the Key-Value (KV) cache significantly accelerates this process by storing attention intermediates, its memory footprint grows linearly with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Yi Su , Quantong Qiu , Yuechi Zhou , Juntao Li , Qingrong Xia , Ping Li , Xinyu Duan , Zhefeng Wang , Min Zhang

Disaggregated Large Language Model (LLM) inference has gained popularity as it separates the computation-intensive prefill stage from the memory-intensive decode stage, avoiding the prefill-decode interference and improving resource…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-02-07 Zeyu Zhang , Haiying Shen , Shay Vargaftik , Ran Ben Basat , Michael Mitzenmacher , Minlan Yu

Large language models(LLMs) have sparked a new wave of exciting AI applications. Hosting these models at scale requires significant memory resources. One crucial memory bottleneck for the deployment stems from the context window. It is…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have advanced unified reasoning over text, images, and videos, but their inference is hindered by the rapid growth of key-value (KV) caches. Each visual input expands into thousands of tokens,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Bowen Zeng , Feiyang Ren , Jun Zhang , Xiaoling Gu , Ke Chen , Lidan Shou , Huan Li

In this study, we introduce adaptive KV cache compression, a plug-and-play method that reduces the memory footprint of generative inference for Large Language Models (LLMs). Different from the conventional KV cache that retains key and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Suyu Ge , Yunan Zhang , Liyuan Liu , Minjia Zhang , Jiawei Han , Jianfeng Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly expected to operate over long contexts, yet standard softmax attention incurs a KV cache that grows linearly with sequence length, quickly becoming the bottleneck for long context inference. A…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Xintong Yang , Hao Gu , Binxing Xu , Lujun Li , Bei Liu , Jiacheng Liu , Qiyuan Zhu , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Key-Value (KV) cache plays a crucial role in accelerating inference in large language models (LLMs) by storing intermediate attention states and avoiding redundant computation during autoregressive generation. However, its memory footprint…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuzhen Mao , Qitong Wang , Martin Ester , Ke Li

The large size of the KV cache has become a major bottleneck for serving LLMs with increasing context lengths. In response, many KV cache compression methods, such as token dropping and quantization, have been proposed. However, almost all…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jiayi Yao , Samuel Shen , Kuntai Du , Shaoting Feng , Dongjoo Seo , Rui Zhang , Yuyang Huang , Yuhan Liu , Shan Lu , Junchen Jiang

The key-value (KV) cache accelerates LLMs decoding by storing KV tensors from previously generated tokens. It reduces redundant computation at the cost of increased memory usage. To mitigate this overhead, existing approaches compress KV…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Hao Wang , Ligong Han , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava