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The existing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face significant challenges in terms of cost and effectiveness. On one hand, they need to encode the lengthy retrieved contexts before responding to the input tasks, which imposes…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Zheng Liu , Chenyuan Wu , Ninglu Shao , Shitao Xiao , Chaozhuo Li , Defu Lian

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) often impose limitations on the length of the text input to ensure the generation of fluent and relevant responses. This constraint restricts their applicability in scenarios involving long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Weizhi Fei , Xueyan Niu , Pingyi Zhou , Lu Hou , Bo Bai , Lei Deng , Wei Han

Autoregressive Transformers rely on Key-Value (KV) caching to accelerate inference. However, the linear growth of the KV cache with context length leads to excessive memory consumption and bandwidth constraints. This bottleneck is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Ravi Ghadia , Avinash Kumar , Gaurav Jain , Prashant Nair , Poulami Das

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly trained to support very large context windows. We present Compactor, a training-free, query-agnostic KV compression strategy that uses approximate leverage scores to determine token…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Vivek Chari , Benjamin Van Durme

The emergence of long-context large language models (LLMs) offers a promising alternative to traditional retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for processing extensive documents. However, the computational overhead of long-context inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Guanzheng Chen , Qilong Feng , Jinjie Ni , Xin Li , Michael Qizhe Shieh

Transformers have emerged as the underpinning architecture for Large Language Models (LLMs). In generative language models, the inference process involves two primary phases: prompt processing and token generation. Token generation, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Muhammad Adnan , Akhil Arunkumar , Gaurav Jain , Prashant J. Nair , Ilya Soloveychik , Purushotham Kamath

Large transformer-based language models have been shown to be very effective in many classification tasks. However, their computational complexity prevents their use in applications requiring the classification of a large set of candidates.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-08 Luca Soldaini , Alessandro Moschitti

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) encounter challenges in processing long sequences on edge devices due to the quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms and growing memory demands from Key-Value (KV) cache. Existing KV cache…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-31 Jiyu Chen , Shuang Peng , Daxiong Luo , Fan Yang , Renshou Wu , Fangyuan Li , Xiaoxin Chen

Real-world RAG applications often encounter long-context input scenarios, where redundant information and noise results in higher inference costs and reduced performance. To address these challenges, we propose LongRefiner, an efficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Jiajie Jin , Xiaoxi Li , Guanting Dong , Yuyao Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Yongkang Wu , Zhonghua Li , Qi Ye , Zhicheng Dou

A major limitation for the broader scope of problems solvable by transformers is the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with input size. In this study, we investigate the recurrent memory augmentation of pre-trained transformer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Aydar Bulatov , Yuri Kuratov , Yermek Kapushev , Mikhail S. Burtsev

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for improving the timeliness of knowledge updates and the factual accuracy of large language models. However, incorporating a large volume of retrieved documents…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Ziqiang Cui , Yunpeng Weng , Xing Tang , Peiyang Liu , Shiwei Li , Bowei He , Jiamin Chen , Yansen Zhang , Xiuqiang He , Chen Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly expected to operate over long contexts, yet standard softmax attention incurs a KV cache that grows linearly with sequence length, quickly becoming the bottleneck for long context inference. A…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Xintong Yang , Hao Gu , Binxing Xu , Lujun Li , Bei Liu , Jiacheng Liu , Qiyuan Zhu , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) showcase remarkable abilities, yet they struggle with limitations such as hallucinations, outdated knowledge, opacity, and inexplicable reasoning. To address these challenges, Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Sourav Verma

Processing long contexts presents a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). While recent advancements allow LLMs to handle much longer contexts than before (e.g., 32K or 128K tokens), it is computationally expensive and can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang , Kelong Mao , Defu Lian , Zhicheng Dou , Tiejun Huang

Efficient long-context LLM deployment is stalled by a dichotomy between amortized compression, which struggles with out-of-distribution generalization, and Test-Time Training, which incurs prohibitive synthetic data costs and requires…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Zeju Li , Yizhou Zhou , Qiang Xu

Recent large language model applications, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation and chatbots, have led to an increased need to process longer input contexts. However, this requirement is hampered by inherent limitations. Architecturally,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-14 Giulio Corallo , Paolo Papotti

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities but suffer from cognitive inefficiencies like "overthinking" simple problems and "underthinking" complex ones. While existing methods that use supervised fine-tuning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhiwei He , Jiahao Xu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Recent shifts in the space of large language model (LLM) research have shown an increasing focus on novel architectures to compete with prototypical Transformer-based models that have long dominated this space. Linear recurrent models have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Xinyu Wang , Linrui Ma , Jerry Huang , Peng Lu , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Xiao-Wen Chang , Boxing Chen , Yufei Cui

Long Context Language Models (LCLMs) have emerged as a new paradigm to perform Information Retrieval (IR), which enables the direct ingestion and retrieval of information by processing an entire corpus in their single context, showcasing…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Minju Seo , Jinheon Baek , Seongyun Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

Emerging applications such as AR are driving demands for machine intelligence capable of processing continuous and/or long-context inputs on local devices. However, currently dominant models based on Transformer architecture suffers from…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Saptarshi Mitra , Rachid Karami , Haocheng Xu , Sitao Huang , Hyoukjun Kwon