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Malware attacks have a significant negative impact on organizations of varied scales in the field of cybersecurity. Recently, malware researchers have increasingly turned to machine learning techniques to combat sophisticated obfuscation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Tiffany Bao , Kylie Trousil , Quang Duy Tran , Fabio Di Troia , Younghee Park

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to red teaming attacks, which can induce LLMs to generate harmful content. Previous research constructs attack prompts via manual or automatic methods, which have their own limitations on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Boyi Deng , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Yang Deng , Qifan Wang , Xiangnan He

With the rapidly increasing capabilities and adoption of code agents for AI-assisted coding, safety concerns, such as generating or executing risky code, have become significant barriers to the real-world deployment of these agents. To…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Chengquan Guo , Xun Liu , Chulin Xie , Andy Zhou , Yi Zeng , Zinan Lin , Dawn Song , Bo Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user queries. These systems, however, remain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Huichi Zhou , Kin-Hei Lee , Zhonghao Zhan , Yue Chen , Zhenhao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Hamed Haddadi , Emine Yilmaz

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success due to their exceptional generative capabilities. Despite their success, they also have inherent limitations such as a lack of up-to-date knowledge and hallucination.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-14 Wei Zou , Runpeng Geng , Binghui Wang , Jinyuan Jia

Large language models (LLMs) can be improved by aligning with human preferences through fine-tuning -- the so-called reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, the cost of fine-tuning an LLM is prohibitive for many users.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Ahmad Rashid , Ruotian Wu , Julia Grosse , Agustinus Kristiadi , Pascal Poupart

Current evaluations of defenses against prompt attacks in large language model (LLM) applications often overlook two critical factors: the dynamic nature of adversarial behavior and the usability penalties imposed on legitimate users by…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at function-level code generation, project-level tasks such as generating functional and visually aesthetic multi-page websites remain highly challenging. Existing works are often limited to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Juyong Jiang , Chenglin Cai , Chansung Park , Jiasi Shen , Sunghun Kim , Jianguo Li , Yue Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have advanced large language models (LLMs) in complex deep search scenarios requiring multi-step reasoning and iterative information retrieval. However, existing approaches face critical…

Web applications increasingly face evasive and polymorphic attack payloads, yet traditional web application firewalls (WAFs) based on static rule sets such as the OWASP Core Rule Set (CRS) often miss obfuscated or zero-day patterns without…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Heba Osama , Omar Elebiary , Youssef Qassim , Mohamed Amgad , Ahmed Maghawry , Ahmed Saafan , Haitham Ghalwash

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as black-box components in real-world applications, red teaming has become essential for identifying potential risks. It tests LLMs with adversarial prompts to uncover…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Jiale Ding , Xiang Zheng , Yutao Wu , Cong Wang , Wei-Bin Lee , Ling Pan , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

The increasing reliance on web services has led to a rise in cybersecurity threats, particularly Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks, which target client-side layers of web applications by injecting malicious scripts. Traditional Web…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-14 Vahid Babaey , Arun Ravindran

Cross-site scripting (XSS) remains a persistent web security vulnerability, especially because obfuscation can change the surface form of a malicious payload while preserving its behavior. These transformations make it difficult for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Divyesh Gabbireddy , Suman Saha

One of the pivotal security threats for the embedded computing systems is malicious software a.k.a malware. With efficiency and efficacy, Machine Learning (ML) has been widely adopted for malware detection in recent times. Despite being…

Today's security tools predominantly rely on predefined rules crafted by experts, making them poorly adapted to the emergence of software supply chain attacks. To tackle this limitation, we propose a novel tool, RuleLLM, which leverages…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 XiangRui Zhang , HaoYu Chen , Yongzhong He , Wenjia Niu , Qiang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a solution to mitigate hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by grounding their outputs to knowledge retrieved from external sources. The use of private resources and data in constructing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Xiao Hu , Eric Liu , Weizhou Wang , Xiangyu Guo , David Lie

In this work we propose a graph-based model that, utilizing relations between groups of System-calls, distinguishes malicious from benign software samples and classifies the detected malicious samples to one of a set of known malware…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-12-31 Anna Mpanti , Stavros D. Nikolopoulos , Iosif Polenakis

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) compensates for the static knowledge limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, producing responses with enhanced factual correctness and query-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has advanced software engineering tasks but remains underexplored in unit test generation. To bridge this gap, we investigate the efficacy of RAG-based unit test generation for machine learning (ML/DL)…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jiho Shin , Nima Shiri Harzevili , Reem Aleithan , Hadi Hemmati , Song Wang

Graph-based Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely studied approach for improving the reasoning, accuracy, and factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, many existing graph-based RAG systems overlook the high…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Qiao Xiao , Hong Ting Tsang , Jiaxin Bai