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Currently, open-sourced large language models (OSLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generative performance. However, as their structure and weights are made public, they are exposed to jailbreak attacks even after alignment. Existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Jinman Wu , Yi Xie , Shiqian Zhao , Xiaofeng Chen

Jailbreaking attacks can enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to bypass the safeguard and generate harmful content. Existing jailbreaking defense methods have failed to address the fundamental issue that harmful knowledge resides within the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Weikai Lu , Ziqian Zeng , Jianwei Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zelin Chen , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen

Most jailbreak papers claim the jailbreaks they propose are highly effective, often boasting near-100% attack success rates. However, it is perhaps more common than not for jailbreak developers to substantially exaggerate the effectiveness…

Large language models (LLMs) are widely adapted for downstream applications through fine-tuning, a process named customization. However, recent studies have identified a vulnerability during this process, where malicious samples can…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Xiaoqun Liu , Jiacheng Liang , Luoxi Tang , Muchao Ye , Weicheng Ma , Zhaohan Xi

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities but remain vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks, where adversaries exploit textual or visual triggers to bypass safety guardrails. Recent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yi Wang , Hongye Qiu , Yue Xu , Sibei Yang , Zhan Qin , Minlie Huang , Wenjie Wang

Although many large language models (LLMs) have been trained to refuse harmful requests, they are still vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks which rewrite the original prompt to conceal its harmful intent. In this paper, we propose a new…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Yihan Wang , Zhouxing Shi , Andrew Bai , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across various natural language processing tasks. Due to their training on internet-sourced datasets, LLMs can sometimes generate objectionable content, necessitating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Leyang Hu , Boran Wang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities, they remain susceptible to sophisticated, multi-step jailbreak attacks that circumvent conventional surface-level safety alignment by exploiting the internal generation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Jiachen Ma , Jiawen Zhang , Xiangtian Li , Bo Zou , Chaochao Lu , Chao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) trained on text demonstrated remarkable results on natural language processing (NLP) tasks. These models have been adapted to decipher the language of DNA, where sequences of nucleotides act as "words" that…

In this study, we disclose a worrying new vulnerability in Large Language Models (LLMs), which we term \textbf{involuntary jailbreak}. Unlike existing jailbreak attacks, this weakness is distinct in that it does not involve a specific…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yangyang Guo , Yangyan Li , Mohan Kankanhalli

The growing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into critical societal domains has raised concerns about embedded biases that can perpetuate stereotypes and undermine fairness. Such biases may stem from historical inequalities in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Riccardo Cantini , Alessio Orsino , Massimo Ruggiero , Domenico Talia

Predicting gene function from its DNA sequence is a fundamental challenge in biology. Many deep learning models have been proposed to embed DNA sequences and predict their enzymatic function, leveraging information in public databases…

Defending large language models (LLMs) against jailbreak attacks is essential for their safe and reliable deployment. Existing defenses often rely on shallow pattern matching, which struggles to generalize to novel and unseen attack…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Rui Pu , Chaozhuo Li , Rui Ha , Litian Zhang , Lirong Qiu , Xi Zhang

In the software engineering community, deep learning (DL) has recently been applied to many source code processing tasks. Due to the poor interpretability of DL models, their security vulnerabilities require scrutiny. Recently, researchers…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Jia Li , Zhuo Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Xing Hu , Xin Xia

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns regarding their exposure to jailbreak attacks, which craft adversarial inputs designed to elicit unsafe content. Although proprietary models such as GPT-4 have…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Xiaodong Wu , Xiangman Li , Qi Li , Lingshuang Liu , Jianbing Ni

Safety and security remain critical concerns in AI deployment. Despite safety training through reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) [ 32], language models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety guardrails.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated for robustness against paraphrased or semantically equivalent jailbreak prompts, yet little attention has been paid to linguistic variation as an attack surface. In this work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Srikant Panda , Avinash Rai

Warning: This paper contains content that may involve potentially harmful behaviours, discussed strictly for research purposes. Jailbreak attacks can hinder the safety of Large Language Model (LLM) applications, especially chatbots.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Junchen Ding , Jiahao Zhang , Yi Liu , Ziqi Ding , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed in safety-critical applications, their vulnerability to potential jailbreaks -- malicious prompts that can disable the safety mechanism of LLMs -- has attracted growing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Jiahao Zhang , Zilong Wang , Ruofan Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential with code generation/completion tasks for hardware design. In fact, LLM-based hardware description language (HDL) code generation has enabled the industry to realize…