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Understanding biological processes, drug development, and biotechnological advancements requires a detailed analysis of protein structures and functions, a task that is inherently complex and time-consuming in traditional protein research.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Yijia Xiao , Edward Sun , Yiqiao Jin , Qifan Wang , Wei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant priority in text understanding and generation. However, LLMs suffer from the risk of generating harmful contents especially while being employed to applications. There are several black-box…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-11 Chengyuan Liu , Fubang Zhao , Lizhi Qing , Yangyang Kang , Changlong Sun , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

This paper presents LProtector, an automated vulnerability detection system for C/C++ codebases driven by the large language model (LLM) GPT-4o and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). As software complexity grows, traditional methods face…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Ze Sheng , Fenghua Wu , Xiangwu Zuo , Chao Li , Yuxin Qiao , Lei Hang

Intelligent software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical sectors, raising concerns about their safety during runtime. Through an industry-academic collaboration when deploying an LLM-powered…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Rui Yang , Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Chetan Arora , Gunel Gulmammadova , Joey Chua

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed behind safety guardrails such as system prompts and content filters, especially in settings where product teams cannot modify model weights. In practice these guardrails are typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Perry Abdulkadir

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to off-topic misuse, where users may prompt these models to perform tasks beyond their intended scope. Current guardrails, which often rely on curated examples or custom classifiers, suffer from high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Gabriel Chua , Shing Yee Chan , Shaun Khoo

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

Cross-site scripting (XSS) remains a persistent web security vulnerability, especially because obfuscation can change the surface form of a malicious payload while preserving its behavior. These transformations make it difficult for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Divyesh Gabbireddy , Suman Saha

Today's cyber physical systems (CPS) are not well protected against cyber attacks. Protected CPS often have holes in their defense, due to the manual nature of today's cyber security design process. It is necessary to automate or…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-01-08 Robert Laddaga , Paul Robertson , Howard Shrobe , Dan Cerys , Prakash Manghwani , Patrik Meijer

Metamorphic testing (MT) is a general approach for the testing of a specific kind of software systems -- so-called ``non-testable'', where the ``classical'' testing approaches are difficult to apply. MT is an effective approach for…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-11-23 Nasser Alzahrani , Maria Spichkova , James Harland

Being capable of sensing and behavioral adaptation in line with their changing environments, cognitive cyber-physical systems (CCPSs) are the new form of applications in future wireless networks. With the advancement of the machine learning…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-01-08 Mehmet Özgün Demir , Ozan Alp Topal , Ali Emre Pusane , Guido Dartmann , Gerd Ascheid , Güneş Karabulut Kurt

The classical simulation of quantum computers is in general a computationally hard problem. To emulate the behavior of realistic devices, it is sufficient to sample bitstrings from circuits. Recently, arXiv:2112.08499 introduced the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-11-21 Alex Shapiro , Ryan LaRose

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) harbor inherent social biases that can result in harmful real-world implications. Such social biases are measured through the probability values that PLMs output for different social groups and attributes…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-07 Rafal Kocielnik , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Vivian Zhang , Roy Jiang , R. Michael Alvarez , Anima Anandkumar

Software developers frequently hard-code credentials such as passwords, generic secrets, private keys, and generic tokens in software repositories, even though it is strictly advised against due to the severe threat to the security of the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Chidera Biringa , Gokhan Kul

Generating unit tests is a crucial task in software development, demanding substantial time and effort from programmers. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces a novel avenue for unit test script generation. This research…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-02-14 Shreya Bhatia , Tarushi Gandhi , Dhruv Kumar , Pankaj Jalote

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities in understanding natural language and generating complex code. However, as practitioners adopt CodeLLMs for increasingly critical development tasks, research reveals that these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Maximilian Wendlinger , Daniel Kowatsch , Konstantin Böttinger , Philip Sperl

Software engineers in various industrial domains are already using Large Language Models (LLMs) to accelerate the process of implementing parts of software systems. When considering its potential use for ADAS or AD systems in the automotive…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Ali Nouri , Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Zhennan Fei , Krishna Ronanki , Håkan Sivencrona , Christian Berger

With the rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs), conversational AI agents have become widely deployed across real-world applications. To enhance safety, these agents are often equipped with guardrails that moderate harmful content.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Ziqing Yang , Yixin Wu , Rui Wen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly sophisticated, leading to widespread deployment in sensitive applications where safety and reliability are paramount. However, LLMs have inherent risks accompanying them, including bias,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Suriya Ganesh Ayyamperumal , Limin Ge

The security of computer systems typically relies on a hardware root of trust. As vulnerabilities in hardware can have severe implications on a system, there is a need for techniques to support security verification activities.…