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The effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Large Language Models (LLMs) depends on the nature and diversity of the data used before and during RL. In particular, reasoning problems can often be approached in multiple ways that rely…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Aswin RRV , Jacob Dineen , Divij Handa , Mihir Parmar , Ben Zhou , Swaroop Mishra , Chitta Baral

Recent advances have demonstrated the effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in improving the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing works inevitably rely on high-quality instructions and verifiable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Wenkai Fang , Shunyu Liu , Yang Zhou , Kongcheng Zhang , Tongya Zheng , Kaixuan Chen , Mingli Song , Dacheng Tao

We propose to use automatically generated instruction-following data to improve the zero-shot capabilities of a large multimodal model with additional support for generative and image editing tasks. We achieve this by curating a new…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Jefferson Hernandez , Ruben Villegas , Vicente Ordonez

In post-training for reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs), the current state of practice trains LLMs in two independent stages: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR, shortened as ``RL''…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is becoming an important direction for post-training vision-language models (VLMs), but public training methodologies for unified multimodal RL remain much less mature, especially for heterogeneous reasoning and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Yan Ma , Linge Du , Xuyang Shen , Shaoxiang Chen , Pengfei Li , Qibing Ren , Lizhuang Ma , Yuchao Dai , Pengfei Liu , Junjie Yan

Test-time scaling (TTS) for large language models (LLMs) has thus far fallen into two largely separate paradigms: (1) reinforcement learning (RL) methods that optimize sparse outcome-based rewards, yet suffer from instability and low sample…

Reasoning models excel in complex problem solving but exhibit a concerning trade off between reasoning capabilities and instruction following abilities. Existing approaches for improving instruction following rely on stronger external…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Qingyu Ren , Qianyu He , Bowei Zhang , Jie Zeng , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao , Weikang Zhou , Zeye Sun , Fei Yu

Large language models, trained on extensive corpora, successfully unify diverse linguistic tasks within a single generative framework. Inspired by this, recent works like Large Vision Model (LVM) extend this paradigm to vision by organizing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Lan Chen , Yuchao Gu , Qi Mao

Post-processing networks (PPNs) are components that modify the outputs of arbitrary modules in task-oriented dialogue systems and are optimized using reinforcement learning (RL) to improve the overall task completion capability of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Atsumoto Ohashi , Ryuichiro Higashinaka

Large language models (LLMs) trained via pretraining and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can still produce harmful and misaligned outputs, or struggle in domains like math and coding. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training methods,…

Unsupervised representation learning (URL), which learns compact embeddings of high-dimensional data without supervision, has made remarkable progress recently. However, the development of URLs for different requirements is independent,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-18 Siyuan Li , Zicheng Liu , Zelin Zang , Di Wu , Zhiyuan Chen , Stan Z. Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training is a critical stage in modern language model development, playing a key role in improving alignment and reasoning ability. However, several phenomena remain poorly understood, including the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Akiyoshi Tomihari

This paper investigates how to better leverage large-scale pre-trained uni-modal models to further enhance discriminative multi-modal learning. Even when fine-tuned with only uni-modal data, these models can outperform previous multi-modal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Chenzhuang Du , Yue Zhao , Chonghua Liao , Jiacheng You , Jie Fu , Hang Zhao

Vision-language alignment in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) relies on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). To align multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) in the post-training stage, supervised…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Xin Jin , Siyuan Li , Siyong Jian , Kai Yu , Huan Wang

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL), a framework that trains a policy with offline RL and then further fine-tunes it with online RL, has been considered a promising recipe for data-driven decision-making. While sensible, this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-28 Junsu Kim , Seohong Park , Sergey Levine

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) may memorize sensitive cross-modal information during pretraining, making machine unlearning (MU) crucial. Existing methods typically evaluate unlearning effectiveness based on output deviations,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Jiahui Guang , Yingjie Zhu , Cuiyun Gao , Haiyan Wang , Jing Li , Di Shao , Zhaoquan Gu

The recent breakthroughs in natural language processing for model pretraining on large quantities of data have opened the way for similar foundation models in computer vision. These models could greatly simplify the use of images in any…

Unsupervised representation learning has significantly advanced various machine learning tasks. In the computer vision domain, state-of-the-art approaches utilize transformations like random crop and color jitter to achieve invariant…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-16 Jaemyung Yu , Jaehyun Choi , Dong-Jae Lee , HyeongGwon Hong , Junmo Kim

Recent works on large language models (LLMs) have successfully demonstrated the emergence of reasoning capabilities via reinforcement learning (RL). Although recent efforts leverage group relative policy optimization (GRPO) for MLLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Shilin Xu , Yanwei Li , Rui Yang , Tao Zhang , Yueyi Sun , Wei Chow , Linfeng Li , Hang Song , Qi Xu , Yunhai Tong , Xiangtai Li , Hao Fei

Post-training is essential for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to real-world applications. Deploying post-trained models faces significant challenges due to substantial memory overhead and noticeable inference latency. Existing work…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Yizhe Xiong , Wei Huang , Xin Ye , Hui Chen , Zijia Lin , Haoran Lian , Zhenpeng Su , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding