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Recent works on large language models (LLMs) have successfully demonstrated the emergence of reasoning capabilities via reinforcement learning (RL). Although recent efforts leverage group relative policy optimization (GRPO) for MLLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Shilin Xu , Yanwei Li , Rui Yang , Tao Zhang , Yueyi Sun , Wei Chow , Linfeng Li , Hang Song , Qi Xu , Yunhai Tong , Xiangtai Li , Hao Fei

Deploying Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents to solve real-world applications often requires satisfying complex system constraints. Often the constraint thresholds are incorrectly set due to the complex nature of a system or the inability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-30 Dan A. Calian , Daniel J. Mankowitz , Tom Zahavy , Zhongwen Xu , Junhyuk Oh , Nir Levine , Timothy Mann

While large language models (LLMs) are successful in completing various language processing tasks, they easily fail to interact with the physical world by generating control sequences properly. We find that the main reason is that LLMs are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-18 Guangran Cheng , Chuheng Zhang , Wenzhe Cai , Li Zhao , Changyin Sun , Jiang Bian

Solving complex long-horizon robotic manipulation problems requires sophisticated high-level planning capabilities, the ability to reason about the physical world, and reactively choose appropriate motor skills. Vision-language models…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Yunhai Feng , Jiaming Han , Zhuoran Yang , Xiangyu Yue , Sergey Levine , Jianlan Luo

We investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to equip neural robotic agents with human-like social and cognitive competencies, for the purpose of open-ended human-robot conversation and collaboration. We introduce a modular and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-09-30 Philipp Allgeuer , Hassan Ali , Stefan Wermter

The ability to grasp objects in-the-wild from open-ended language instructions constitutes a fundamental challenge in robotics. An open-world grasping system should be able to combine high-level contextual with low-level physical-geometric…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks typically exhibit a fundamental safety-capability tradeoff, where improving task performance degrades safety alignment even on benign datasets. This degradation persists across…

Large vision-language models (VLMs) for autonomous driving (AD) are evolving beyond perception and cognition tasks toward motion planning. However, we identify two critical challenges in this direction: (1) VLMs tend to learn shortcuts by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Yue Li , Meng Tian , Dechang Zhu , Jiangtong Zhu , Zhenyu Lin , Zhiwei Xiong , Xinhai Zhao

Unsupervised reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (URLVR) offers a pathway to scale LLM training beyond the supervision bottleneck by deriving rewards without ground truth labels. Recent works leverage model intrinsic signals,…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is capable of sophisticated motion planning and control for robots in uncertain environments. However, state-of-the-art deep RL approaches typically lack safety guarantees, especially when the robot and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Mahmoud Selim , Amr Alanwar , Shreyas Kousik , Grace Gao , Marco Pavone , Karl H. Johansson

We investigate the use of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with in-context learning for closed-loop task planning in instruction-following manipulation. We identify four essential requirements for successful task planning: quantity…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Yu-Hong Shen , Chuan-Yu Wu , Yi-Ru Yang , Yen-Ling Tai , Yi-Ting Chen

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become central to post-training reasoning models, yet a key limitation of existing studies is their narrow view of the reasoning space: difficulty is treated as reasoning depth…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Yihua Zhu , Qianying Liu , Fei Cheng , Jiaxin Wang , Akiko Aizawa , Sadao Kurohashi , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming the robotics domain by enabling robots to comprehend and execute natural language instructions. The cornerstone benefits of LLM include processing textual data from technical manuals,…

Automating activities through robots in unstructured environments, such as construction sites, has been a long-standing desire. However, the high degree of unpredictable events in these settings has resulted in far less adoption compared to…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Hossein Naderi , Alireza Shojaei , Lifu Huang

Multimodal Large Reasoning Models (MLRMs) demonstrate impressive cross-modal reasoning but often amplify safety risks under adversarial or unsafe prompts, a phenomenon we call the \textit{Reasoning Tax}. Existing defenses mainly act at the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Huahui Yi , Kun Wang , Qiankun Li , Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Gongli Xi , Hao Wu , Xuming Hu , Kang Li , Yang Liu

This paper introduces a new hybrid framework that combines Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve robotic manipulation tasks. By utilizing RL for accurate low-level control and LLMs for high level task…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Md Saad , Sajjad Hussain , Mohd Suhaib

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards~(RLVR) has become a prominent paradigm to enhance the capabilities (i.e.\ long-context) of Large Language Models~(LLMs). However, it often relies on gold-standard answers or explicit evaluation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Guanzheng Chen , Ziqi Jin , Jung-jae Kim , Xiaoli Li , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining popularity in the field of robotics. However, LLM-based robots are limited to simple, repetitive motions due to the poor integration between language models, robots, and the environment. This paper…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Haokun Liu , Yaonan Zhu , Kenji Kato , Atsushi Tsukahara , Izumi Kondo , Tadayoshi Aoyama , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Grounding natural-language instructions into continuous control for quadruped robots remains a fundamental challenge in vision language action. Existing methods struggle to bridge high-level semantic reasoning and low-level actuation,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Ting Huang , Dongjian Li , Rui Yang , Zeyu Zhang , Zida Yang , Hao Tang

Recent progress in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) shows that small, specialized language models (SLMs) can exhibit structured reasoning without relying on large monolithic LLMs. We introduce soft hidden-state…