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As a result of the ever increasing complexity of configuring and fine-tuning machine learning models, the field of automated machine learning (AutoML) has emerged over the past decade. However, software implementations like Auto-WEKA and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-09 Dimitrios Iliadis , Marcel Wever , Bernard De Baets , Willem Waegeman

Continual reinforcement learning must balance retention with adaptation, yet many methods still rely on \emph{single-model preservation}, committing to one evolving policy as the main reusable solution across tasks. Even when a previously…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Lute Lillo , Nick Cheney

Large language models (LLMs) improve reasoning accuracy when generating multiple candidate solutions at test time, but standard methods like Best-of-N (BoN) incur high computational cost by fully generating all branches. Self-Truncation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Sophie Li , Nicholas Huang , Nayan Saxena , Nina Luo , Vincent Lin , Kevin Zhu , Sunishchal Dev

Large language model pretraining is compute-intensive, yet many tokens contribute marginally to learning, resulting in inefficiency. We introduce Efficient Selective Language Modeling (ESLM), a risk-aware algorithm that improves training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Melis Ilayda Bal , Volkan Cevher , Michael Muehlebach

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has proven effective in aligning large language models with human intentions, yet it often relies on complex methodologies like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) that require extensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-30 Han Xia , Songyang Gao , Qiming Ge , Zhiheng Xi , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Recent advances in Emotional Support Conversation (ESC) have improved emotional support generation by fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT). However, common psychological errors still persist. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Chao Zhang , Xin Shi , Xueqiao Zhang , Yifan Zhu , Yi Yang , Yawei Luo

In the realm of large language models (LLMs), the ability of models to accurately follow instructions is paramount as more agents and applications leverage LLMs for construction, where the complexity of instructions are rapidly increasing.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Xinghua Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Cheng Fu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Preference learning is critical for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, with the quality of preference datasets playing a crucial role in this process. While existing metrics primarily assess data quality based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Kexin Huang , Junkang Wu , Ziqian Chen , Xue Wang , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Jiancan Wu , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) hold immense potential for complex multimodal instruction following, yet their development is often hindered by the high cost and inconsistency of human annotation required for effective fine-tuning and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Ruirui Gao , Emily Johnson , Bowen Tan , Yanfei Qian

Large Language Models (LLMs), when used in educational settings without pedagogical fine-tuning, often provide immediate answers rather than guiding students through the problem-solving process. This approach falls short of pedagogically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Shashank Sonkar , Kangqi Ni , Sapana Chaudhary , Richard G. Baraniuk

Reinforcement learning, including reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), has emerged as a powerful approach for LLM post-training. Central to these approaches is the design of the importance sampling (IS) ratio used in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Yuheng Zhang , Chenlu Ye , Shuowei Jin , Changlong Yu , Wei Xiong , Saurabh Sahu , Nan Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in code generation tasks. However, there remains a performance gap between open-source and closed-source models. To address this gap, existing approaches typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Weijie Lv , Xuan Xia , Sheng-Jun Huang

Alignment is a crucial step to enhance the instruction-following and conversational abilities of language models. Despite many recent work proposing new algorithms, datasets, and training pipelines, there is a lack of comprehensive studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Xiao Yu , Qingyang Wu , Yu Li , Zhou Yu

Instruction tuning plays a critical role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference. Despite the vast amount of open instruction datasets, naively training a LLM on all existing instructions may not be optimal and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Yulei Qin , Yuncheng Yang , Pengcheng Guo , Gang Li , Hang Shao , Yuchen Shi , Zihan Xu , Yun Gu , Ke Li , Xing Sun

Recent work shows that post-training datasets for LLMs can be substantially downsampled without noticeably deteriorating performance. However, data selection often incurs high computational costs or is limited to narrow domains. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Paramita Mirza , Lucas Weber , Fabian Küch

In recent years, text-to-speech (TTS) has seen impressive advancements through large-scale language models, achieving human-level speech quality. Integrating human feedback has proven effective for enhancing robustness in these systems.…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-03 Kangxiang Xia , Xinfa Zhu , Jixun Yao , Lei Xie

Existing alignment methods for preference optimization of large language models (LLMs) aim to enhance model performance by utilizing pairs of positive and negative samples. However, due to the limited capacity of models in scoring or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Jun Rao , Yunjie Liao , Xuebo Liu , Zepeng Lin , Lian Lian , Dong Jin , Shengjun Cheng , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

LLMs often fail to meet the specialized needs of distinct user groups due to their one-size-fits-all training paradigm \cite{lucy-etal-2024-one} and there is limited research on what personalization aspects each group expect. To address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Ishani Mondal , Jack W. Stokes , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Longqi Yang , Mengting Wan , Xiaofeng Xu , Xia Song , Jennifer Neville

Many applications of large language models (LLMs), ranging from chatbots to creative writing, require nuanced subjective judgments that can differ significantly across different groups. Existing alignment algorithms can be expensive to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Siyan Zhao , John Dang , Aditya Grover

Alignment, endowing a pre-trained Large language model (LLM) with the ability to follow instructions, is crucial for its real-world applications. Conventional supervised fine-tuning (SFT) methods formalize it as causal language modeling…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Yuchen Fan , Yuzhong Hong , Qiushi Wang , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song