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In-context Learning (ICL) utilizes structured demonstration-query inputs to induce few-shot learning on Language Models (LMs), which are not originally pre-trained on ICL-style data. To bridge the gap between ICL and pre-training, some…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Hakaze Cho , Peng Luo , Mariko Kato , Rin Kaenbyou , Naoya Inoue

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle to accurately read and comprehend extremely long texts. Current methods for improvement typically rely on splitting long contexts into fixed-length chunks. However, fixed truncation risks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Boheng Sheng , Jiacheng Yao , Meicong Zhang , Guoxiu He

Recent advancements in long-context large language models have attracted significant attention, yet their practical applications often suffer from suboptimal context utilization. This study investigates structuring training data to enhance…

Large language models have transformed natural language processing, yet supervised fine-tuning (SFT) remains computationally intensive. This paper formally proves that capabilities acquired through SFT can be approximated by a base…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Asankhaya Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) are difficult to fully fine-tune (e.g., with instructions or human feedback) due to their sheer number of parameters. A family of parameter-efficient sparse fine-tuning methods have proven promising in terms of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-05 Alan Ansell , Ivan Vulić , Hannah Sterz , Anna Korhonen , Edoardo M. Ponti

Long-term planning in complex, text-based environments presents significant challenges due to open-ended action spaces, ambiguous observations, and sparse feedback. Recent research suggests that large language models (LLMs) encode rich…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Haoye Lu , Pavan Seshadri , Kaheer Suleman

Large language models (LLMs) rely on pretraining on massive and heterogeneous corpora, where training data composition has a decisive impact on training efficiency and downstream generalization under realistic compute and data budget…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Zhuo Chen , Yuxuan Miao , Supryadi , Deyi Xiong

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to accurately retrieve information and maintain reasoning capabilities when processing long-context inputs. To address these limitations, we propose a finetuning approach…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Zheyang Xiong , Vasilis Papageorgiou , Kangwook Lee , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

Recent years have seen the success of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in the domain of vision understanding. The success of these models can largely be attributed to the dominant scaling law, which states that larger parameter…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Chunjiang Ge , Yan Yang , Yuhan Dai , Yongdong Luo , Tong Xu , Caifeng Shan , Enhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) encode extensive world knowledge through pre-training on massive datasets, which can then be fine-tuned for the question-answering (QA) task. However, effective strategies for fine-tuning LLMs for the QA task…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on specific datasets is a common practice to improve performance on target tasks. However, this performance gain often leads to overfitting, where the model becomes too specialized in either the task…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Sonam Gupta , Yatin Nandwani , Asaf Yehudai , Mayank Mishra , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

Training Long-Context Large Language Models (LLMs) is challenging, as hybrid training with long-context and short-context data often leads to workload imbalances. Existing works mainly use data packing to alleviate this issue, but fail to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Yongqiang Yao , Jingru Tan , Kaihuan Liang , Feizhao Zhang , Jiahao Hu , Shuo Wu , Yazhe Niu , Ruihao Gong , Dahua Lin , Ningyi Xu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across a variety of domains. However, training MLLMs is often inefficient, as much of the computation is redundant due to the long input sequences from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Kean Shi , Liang Chen , Haozhe Zhao , Baobao Chang

Instruction tuning is critical to improve LLMs but usually suffers from low-quality and redundant data. Data filtering for instruction tuning has proved important in improving both the efficiency and performance of the tuning process. But…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Ming Li , Yong Zhang , Shwai He , Zhitao Li , Hongyu Zhao , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Tianyi Zhou

This research explores a hybrid approach to fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) by integrating real-world and synthetic data to boost model performance, particularly in generating accurate and contextually relevant responses. By…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Alexey Zhezherau , Alexei Yanockin

Typically, training LLMs with long context sizes is computationally expensive, requiring extensive training hours and GPU resources. Existing long-context extension methods usually need additional training procedures to support…

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied to a wide range of tasks, including text summarization, web navigation, and chatbots. They have benefitted from supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human feedback…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Ryan Aponte , Ryan A. Rossi , Shunan Guo , Franck Dernoncourt , Tong Yu , Xiang Chen , Subrata Mitra , Nedim Lipka

Long-term time-series forecasting is essential for planning and decision-making in economics, energy, and transportation, where long foresight is required. To obtain such long foresight, models must be both efficient and effective in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Chao Ma , Yikai Hou , Xiang Li , Yinggang Sun , Haining Yu , Zhou Fang , Jiaxing Qu

Dataset diversity plays a pivotal role for the successful training of many machine learning models, particularly in the supervised fine-tuning (SFT) stage of large language model (LLM) development. Despite increasing recognition of its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Haoyu Li , Xuhong Li , Yiming Dong , Kun Liu

LLMs have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in understanding tasks but continue to struggle with long-context comprehension, particularly with content located in the middle of extensive inputs. This limitation, known as the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 James Begin , Namit Agrawal , Eshan Singh , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Vasu Sharma , Kevin Zhu