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To enhance the reproducibility and reliability of deep learning models, we address a critical gap in current training methodologies: the lack of mechanisms that ensure consistent and robust performance across runs. Our empirical analysis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Waqas Ahmed , Sheeba Samuel , Kevin Coakley , Birgitta Koenig-Ries , Odd Erik Gundersen

Existing approaches to mathematical reasoning with large language models (LLMs) rely on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) for generalizability or Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) for precise computation. While efforts have been made to combine these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xin Xu , Yan Xu , Tianhao Chen , Yuchen Yan , Chengwu Liu , Zaoyu Chen , Yufei Wang , Yichun Yin , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Lu Yin

Test-time training (TTT) enhances model performance by explicitly updating designated parameters prior to each prediction to adapt to the test data. While TTT has demonstrated considerable empirical success, its theoretical underpinnings…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-03 Kento Kuwataka , Taiji Suzuki

The scaling of model and data sizes has reshaped the AI landscape, establishing finetuning pretrained models as the standard paradigm for solving downstream tasks. However, dominant finetuning methods typically rely on weight adaptation,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Leyang Hu , Matteo Gamba , Randall Balestriero

E-learning environments are increasingly harnessing large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 for tailored educational support. This study introduces an approach that integrates dynamic knowledge graphs with LLMs to offer nuanced…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Patrick Ocheja , Brendan Flanagan , Yiling Dai , Hiroaki Ogata

Models of human feedback for AI alignment, such as those underpinning Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), often bake in a singular, static set of preferences, limiting adaptability. This paper challenges the assumption of monolithic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Víctor Gallego

Pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, working with manually designed prompts have demonstrated great capacity of transfer learning. Recently, learnable prompts achieve state-of-the-art performance, which however are prone to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-23 Baoshuo Kan , Teng Wang , Wenpeng Lu , Xiantong Zhen , Weili Guan , Feng Zheng

Continual instruction tuning enables large language models (LLMs) to learn incrementally while retaining past knowledge, whereas existing methods primarily focus on how to retain old knowledge rather than on selecting which new knowledge to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Peiyi Lin , Fukai Zhang , Kai Niu , Hao Fu

Fine-tuning large language models is becoming ever more impractical due to their rapidly-growing scale. This motivates the use of parameter-efficient adaptation methods such as prompt tuning (PT), which adds a small number of tunable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-23 Simeng Sun , Yang Liu , Dan Iter , Chenguang Zhu , Mohit Iyyer

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is to trace the knowledge of students as they solve a sequence of problems represented by their related skills. This involves abstract concepts of students' states of knowledge and the interactions between those…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2019-08-09 Jinseok Lee , Dit-Yan Yeung

Deep neural networks demonstrate strong performance under aligned training-test distributions. However, real-world test data often exhibit domain shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this challenge by adapting the model to test data…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Byung-Joon Lee , Jin-Seop Lee , Jee-Hyong Lee

Test-time adaptation (TTA) intends to adapt the pretrained model to test distributions with only unlabeled test data streams. Most of the previous TTA methods have achieved great success on simple test data streams such as independently…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-27 Longhui Yuan , Binhui Xie , Shuang Li

Knowledge Tracing (KT) models students' knowledge states based on learning interactions to predict performance. While deep learning-based KT models have boosted predictive accuracy, most models rely on deterministic vector embeddings and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Siyu Wu , Cong Xu , Wei Zhang

Knowledge tracing (KT) is a crucial technique to predict students' future performance by observing their historical learning processes. Due to the powerful representation ability of deep neural networks, remarkable progress has been made by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-17 Jiahao Chen , Zitao Liu , Shuyan Huang , Qiongqiong Liu , Weiqi Luo

Knowledge components (KCs) mapped to problems help model student learning, tracking their mastery levels on fine-grained skills thereby facilitating personalized learning and feedback in online learning platforms. However, crafting and…

Knowledge tracing (KT) which aims at predicting learner's knowledge mastery plays an important role in the computer-aided educational system. In recent years, many deep learning models have been applied to tackle the KT task, which have…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Hanshuang Tong , Zhen Wang , Yun Zhou , Shiwei Tong , Wenyuan Han , Qi Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) face the "knowledge cutoff" challenge, where their frozen parametric memory prevents direct internalization of new information. While Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is commonly used to update model knowledge, it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Pingzhi Tang , Yiding Wang , Muhan Zhang

Emerging Knowledge Tracing (KT) models, particularly deep learning and attention-based Knowledge Tracing, have shown great potential in realizing personalized learning analysis via prediction of students' future performance based on their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-13 Shubham Kose , Jin Wei-Kocsis

Capturing the evolving trends of user interest is important for both recommendation systems and advertising systems, and user behavior sequences have been successfully used in Click-Through-Rate(CTR) prediction problems. However, if the…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-10-10 Dike Sun , Kai Liu , ShengKai Yang

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with strong reasoning capabilities marks a significant milestone, unlocking new frontiers in complex problem-solving. However, training these reasoning models, typically using Reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Qinghao Hu , Shang Yang , Junxian Guo , Xiaozhe Yao , Yujun Lin , Yuxian Gu , Han Cai , Chuang Gan , Ana Klimovic , Song Han