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Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its momentum variants form the backbone of deep learning optimization, yet the underlying dynamics of their gradient behavior remain insufficiently understood. In this work, we reinterpret gradient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Zhipeng Yao , Rui Yu , Guisong Chang , Ying Li , Yu Zhang , Dazhou Li

We study stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for composite optimization problems with $N$ sequential operators subject to perturbations in both the forward and backward passes. Unlike classical analyses that treat gradient noise as additive…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-02-25 Boao Kong , Hengrui Zhang , Kun Yuan

Tuning hyperparameters, such as the stepsize, presents a major challenge of training machine learning models. To address this challenge, numerous adaptive optimization algorithms have been developed that achieve near-optimal complexities,…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-11-07 Florian Hübler , Junchi Yang , Xiang Li , Niao He

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a promising method for solving large-scale inverse problems, due to its excellent scalability with respect to data size. In this work, we analyze a new data-driven regularized stochastic gradient descent…

数值分析 · 数学 2024-09-30 Zehui Zhou

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been found to be surprisingly effective in training a variety of deep neural networks. However, there is still a lack of understanding on how and why SGD can train these complex networks towards a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-03 Yi Zhou , Junjie Yang , Huishuai Zhang , Yingbin Liang , Vahid Tarokh

This paper studies distributed nonconvex optimization problems with stochastic gradients for a multi-agent system, in which each agent aims to minimize the sum of all agents' cost functions by using local compressed information exchange. We…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-03-05 Antai Xie , Xinlei Yi , Xiaofan Wang , Ming Cao , Xiaoqiang Ren

We consider the least-squares regression problem and provide a detailed asymptotic analysis of the performance of averaged constant-step-size stochastic gradient descent (a.k.a. least-mean-squares). In the strongly-convex case, we provide…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-12-02 Alexandre Défossez , Francis Bach

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the workhorse of modern machine learning. Sometimes, there are many different potential gradient estimators that can be used. When so, choosing the one with the best tradeoff between cost and variance is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-23 Tomas Geffner , Justin Domke

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants have established themselves as the go-to algorithms for large-scale machine learning problems with independent samples due to their generalization performance and intrinsic computational…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-08-25 Hao Chen , Lili Zheng , Raed Al Kontar , Garvesh Raskutti

SGD (Stochastic Gradient Descent) is a popular algorithm for large scale optimization problems due to its low iterative cost. However, SGD can not achieve linear convergence rate as FGD (Full Gradient Descent) because of the inherent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-12-05 Aixiang Chen , Bingchuan Chen , Xiaolong Chai , Rui Bian , Hengguang Li

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a workhorse algorithm for solving large-scale optimization problems in data science and machine learning. Understanding the convergence of SGD is hence of fundamental importance. In this work we examine…

数值分析 · 数学 2024-12-11 Lehan Chen , Yuji Nakatsukasa

Generalization error bounds for deep neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) are derived by combining a dynamical control of an appropriate parameter norm and the Rademacher complexity estimate based on parameter norms.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Mingze Wang , Chao Ma

In the vanishing learning rate regime, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is now relatively well understood. In this work, we propose to study the basic properties of SGD and its variants in the non-vanishing learning rate regime. The focus…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-06-14 Kangqiao Liu , Liu Ziyin , Masahito Ueda

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been shown to generalize well in many deep learning applications. In practice, one often runs SGD with a geometrically decaying stepsize, i.e., a constant initial stepsize followed by multiple geometric…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Jingfeng Wu , Difan Zou , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Sham M. Kakade

We study the convergence properties and escape dynamics of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in one-dimensional landscapes, separately considering infinite- and finite-variance noise. Our main focus is to identify the time scales on which…

We consider a class of stochastic smooth convex optimization problems under rather general assumptions on the noise in the stochastic gradient observation. As opposed to the classical problem setting in which the variance of noise is…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-08-23 Sasila Ilandarideva , Anatoli Juditsky , Guanghui Lan , Tianjiao Li

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular algorithm for minimizing objective functions that arise in machine learning. For constant step-sized SGD, the iterates form a Markov chain on a general state space. Focusing on a class of…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-03-26 David Shirokoff , Philip Zaleski

Motivated by a wide variety of applications, ranging from stochastic optimization to dimension reduction through variable selection, the problem of estimating gradients accurately is of crucial importance in statistics and learning theory.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-29 Guillaume Ausset , Stephan Clémençon , François Portier

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has played a central role in machine learning. However, it requires a carefully hand-picked stepsize for fast convergence, which is notoriously tedious and time-consuming to tune. Over the last several…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-10 Zhenxun Zhuang , Ashok Cutkosky , Francesco Orabona

It is well-known that the reparameterisation gradient estimator, which exhibits low variance in practice, is biased for non-differentiable models. This may compromise correctness of gradient-based optimisation methods such as stochastic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 Dominik Wagner , Basim Khajwal , C. -H. Luke Ong