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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have highlighted the potential of reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) to enhance reasoning capabilities through extended output sequences. However, traditional RL frameworks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Dong Du , Shulin Liu , Tao Yang , Shaohua Chen , Yang Li

Large language models (LLMs) excel on many NLP benchmarks, but their behavior on real-world, semi-structured prediction remains underexplored. We present LlaMADRS, a benchmark for structured clinical assessment from dialogue built on the…

The recent DeepSeek-R1 release has demonstrated the immense potential of reinforcement learning (RL) in enhancing the general reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While DeepSeek-R1 and other follow-up work primarily focus…

Extracting structured information from clinical notes requires navigating a dense web of interdependent variables where the value of one attribute logically constrains others. Existing Large Language Model (LLM)-based extraction pipelines…

While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards has enhanced the reasoning of large-scale language models (LLMs), its efficacy for lightweight multimodal language models (MLLMs) with fewer than seven billion parameters remains…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Linyu Ou , YuYang Yin

Predicting cancer treatment outcomes requires models that are both accurate and interpretable, particularly in the presence of heterogeneous clinical data. While large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance in biomedical NLP,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Raghu Vamshi Hemadri , Geetha Krishna Guruju , Kristi Topollai , Anna Ewa Choromanska

Language model pretraining with next token prediction has proved effective for scaling compute but is limited to the amount of available training data. Scaling reinforcement learning (RL) unlocks a new axis for the continued improvement of…

Machine reasoning has made great progress in recent years owing to large language models (LLMs). In the clinical domain, however, most NLP-driven projects mainly focus on clinical classification or reading comprehension, and under-explore…

Scientific literature is growing exponentially, creating a critical bottleneck for researchers to efficiently synthesize knowledge. While general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential in text processing, they often fail to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Fengyu She , Nan Wang , Hongfei Wu , Ziyi Wan , Jingmian Wang , Chang Wang

Standing in 2025, at a critical juncture in the pursuit of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Haoyuan Sun , Jiaqi Wu , Bo Xia , Yifu Luo , Yifei Zhao , Kai Qin , Xufei Lv , Tiantian Zhang , Yongzhe Chang , Xueqian Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various domains. However, for clinical diagnosis, higher expectations are required for LLM's reliability and sensitivity: thinking like physicians and remaining…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Chenwei Yan , Xiangling Fu , Yuxuan Xiong , Tianyi Wang , Siu Cheung Hui , Ji Wu , Xien Liu

While large language models show promise in medical applications, achieving expert-level clinical reasoning remains challenging due to the need for both accurate answers and transparent reasoning processes. To address this challenge, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Chi Liu , Derek Li , Yan Shu , Robin Chen , Derek Duan , Teng Fang , Bryan Dai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the strong potential to assist both clinicians and the general public with their extensive medical knowledge. However, their application in healthcare is constrained due to concerns about the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Thomas Pouplin , Hao Sun , Samuel Holt , Mihaela van der Schaar

Recently, the increasing demand for superior medical services has highlighted the discrepancies in the medical infrastructure. With big data, especially texts, forming the foundation of medical services, there is an exigent need for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Yuanhe Tian , Ruyi Gan , Yan Song , Jiaxing Zhang , Yongdong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in transforming recommender systems from implicit behavioral pattern matching to explicit intent reasoning. While RecGPT-V1 successfully pioneered this paradigm by…

In this paper, we ask: what truly determines the effectiveness of RL training data for enhancing language models' reasoning capabilities? While recent advances like o1, Deepseek R1, and Kimi1.5 demonstrate RL's potential, the lack of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Xuefeng Li , Haoyang Zou , Pengfei Liu

Integrating large language models (LLMs) like DeepSeek R1 into healthcare requires rigorous evaluation of their reasoning alignment with clinical expertise. This study assesses DeepSeek R1's medical reasoning against expert patterns using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Birger Moell , Fredrik Sand Aronsson , Sanian Akbar

Large language models have exhibited exceptional performance on various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, leveraging techniques such as the pre-training, and instruction fine-tuning. Despite these advances, their effectiveness in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-19 Guangyu Wang , Guoxing Yang , Zongxin Du , Longjun Fan , Xiaohu Li

Reasoning-oriented large language models (RLMs) achieve strong gains on tasks such as mathematics and coding by generating explicit intermediate reasoning. However, their impact on machine translation (MT) remains underexplored. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Sara Rajaee , Sebastian Vincent , Alexandre Berard , Marzieh Fadaee , Kelly Marchisio , Tom Kocmi

The paradigm shift in large language models (LLMs) from instinctive responses to chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has fueled two prevailing assumptions: (1) reasoning capabilities only emerge in sufficiently large models, and (2) such…