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Despite being empowered with alignment mechanisms, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to emerging jailbreak attacks that can compromise their alignment mechanisms. This vulnerability poses significant risks to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Shaoqing Zhang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Kehai Chen , Rongxiang Weng , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains. However, their potential to generate harmful responses has raised significant societal and regulatory concerns, especially when manipulated by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Advait Yadav , Haibo Jin , Man Luo , Jun Zhuang , Haohan Wang

Despite explicit alignment efforts for large language models (LLMs), they can still be exploited to trigger unintended behaviors, a phenomenon known as "jailbreaking." Current jailbreak attack methods mainly focus on discrete prompt…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Guanghao Zhou , Panjia Qiu , Mingyuan Fan , Cen Chen , Mingyuan Chu , Xin Zhang , Jun Zhou

Safely aligning large language models (LLMs) often demands extensive human-labeled preference data, a process that's both costly and time-consuming. While synthetic data offers a promising alternative, current methods frequently rely on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Kyubyung Chae , Hyunbin Jin , Taesup Kim

Many-shot jailbreaking circumvents the safety alignment of LLMs by exploiting their ability to process long input sequences. To achieve this, the malicious target prompt is prefixed with hundreds of fabricated conversational exchanges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Avery Ma , Yangchen Pan , Amir-massoud Farahmand

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought impressive advancements across various tasks. However, despite these achievements, LLMs still pose inherent safety risks, especially in the context of jailbreak attacks. Most…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Shi Lin , Hongming Yang , Rongchang Li , Xun Wang , Changting Lin , Wenpeng Xing , Meng Han

While the deployment of large language models (LLMs) in high-value industries continues to expand, the systematic assessment of their safety against jailbreak and prompt-based attacks remains insufficient. Existing safety evaluation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Xiuyuan Chen , Jian Zhao , Yuxiang He , Yuan Xun , Xinwei Liu , Yanshu Li , Huilin Zhou , Wei Cai , Ziyan Shi , Yuchen Yuan , Tianle Zhang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

As LLMs become more common, non-expert users can pose risks, prompting extensive research into jailbreak attacks. However, most existing black-box jailbreak attacks rely on hand-crafted heuristics or narrow search spaces, which limit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Zhen Sun , Zongmin Zhang , Deqi Liang , Han Sun , Yule Liu , Yun Shen , Xiangshan Gao , Yilong Yang , Shuai Liu , Yutao Yue , Xinlei He

As large language models (LLMs) become progressively more embedded in clinical decision-support, documentation, and patient-information systems, ensuring their privacy and trustworthiness has emerged as an imperative challenge for the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Alexander Nemecek , Zebin Yun , Zahra Rahmani , Yaniv Harel , Vipin Chaudhary , Mahmood Sharif , Erman Ayday

Existing Audio Large Models (ALMs) alignment focuses on clean inputs, neglecting security risks in complex environments. We propose ERIS, a framework transforming real-world interference into a strategically optimized carrier for…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yibo Zhang , Liang Lin

Robust verbal confidence generated by large language models (LLMs) is crucial for the deployment of LLMs to help ensure transparency, trust, and safety in many applications, including those involving human-AI interactions. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Stephen Obadinma , Xiaodan Zhu

Measuring innovation often relies on context-specific proxies and on expert evaluation. Hence, empirical innovation research is often limited to settings where such data is available. We investigate how large language models (LLMs) can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Robin Nowak , Patrick Figge , Carolin Haeussler

As large language models (LLMs) are becoming more capable and widespread, the study of their failure cases is becoming increasingly important. Recent advances in standardizing, measuring, and scaling test-time compute suggest new…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Mahdi Sabbaghi , Paul Kassianik , George Pappas , Yaron Singer , Amin Karbasi , Hamed Hassani

Recent improvement gains in large language models (LLMs) have lead to everyday usage of AI-based Conversational Agents (CAs). At the same time, LLMs are vulnerable to an array of threats, including jailbreaks and, for example, causing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Kathrin Grosse , Nico Ebert

In this paper, we investigate the safety mechanisms of instruction fine-tuned large language models (LLMs). We discover that re-weighting MLP neurons can significantly compromise a model's safety, especially for MLPs in end-of-sentence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Yifan Luo , Zhennan Zhou , Meitan Wang , Bin Dong

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in clinical reasoning and risk assessment. However, their interpretive reliability in critical and indeterminate domains such as psychiatry remains unclear. Prior work has identified…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Shevya Panda , Shinjini Bose , Ananya Joshi

The aligned Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful language understanding and decision-making tools that are created through extensive alignment with human feedback. However, these large models remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Xiaogeng Liu , Nan Xu , Muhao Chen , Chaowei Xiao

The advent of Large Language Models LLMs marks a milestone in Artificial Intelligence, altering how machines comprehend and generate human language. However, LLMs are vulnerable to malicious prompt injection attacks, where crafted inputs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Sahasra Kokkula , Somanathan R , Nandavardhan R , Aashishkumar , G Divya

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various fields with their exceptional capabilities in understanding, processing, and generating human-like text. This paper investigates the potential of LLMs in advancing Network Intrusion…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Shuo Yang , Xinran Zheng , Xinchen Zhang , Jinfeng Xu , Jinze Li , Donglin Xie , Weicai Long , Edith C. H. Ngai

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various domains but pose inherent privacy risks. Existing methods to evaluate privacy leakage in LLMs often use memorized prefixes or simple instructions to extract data, both of which well-alignment…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Yidan Wang , Yanan Cao , Yubing Ren , Fang Fang , Zheng Lin , Binxing Fang