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Self-supervised learning (SSL) of speech has shown impressive results in speech-related tasks, particularly in automatic speech recognition (ASR). While most methods employ the output of intermediate layers of the SSL model as real-valued…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) proficiency in speech-related tasks has driven research into utilizing discrete tokens for speech tasks like recognition and translation, which offer lower storage requirements and great potential to employ…

With the advancement of Self-supervised Learning (SSL) in speech-related tasks, there has been growing interest in utilizing discrete tokens generated by SSL for automatic speech recognition (ASR), as they offer faster processing…

Recently, discrete tokens derived from self-supervised learning (SSL) models via k-means clustering have been actively studied as pseudo-text in speech language models and as efficient intermediate representations for various tasks.…

Discrete speech tokens have gained attention for their storage efficiency and integration with Large Language Models (LLMs). They are commonly categorized into acoustic and semantic tokens, with the latter being more advantageous for…

Pre-trained models, especially self-supervised learning (SSL) models, have demonstrated impressive results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) task. While most applications of SSL models focus on leveraging continuous representations as…

Discrete audio tokens have recently gained attention for their potential to bridge the gap between audio and language processing. Ideal audio tokens must preserve content, paralinguistic elements, speaker identity, and many other audio…

Discrete representations of speech, obtained from Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) foundation models, are widely used, especially where there are limited data for the downstream task, such as for a low-resource language. Typically,…

Discretized representations of speech signals are efficient alternatives to continuous features for various speech applications, including automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speech language models. However, these representations, such…

In recent years, there has been growing interest in representing speech with discrete tokens, which serve as pseudo-text for speech language models (speechLMs) and as efficient intermediate representations for downstream tasks. These tokens…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have achieved considerable improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In addition, ASR performance could be further improved if the model is dedicated to audio content information learning…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based discrete speech representations are highly compact and domain adaptable. In this paper, SSL discrete speech features extracted from WavLM models are used as additional cross-utterance acoustic context…

Building ASR systems robust to foreign-accented speech is an important challenge in today's globalized world. A prior study explored the way to enhance the performance of phonetic token-based ASR on accented speech by reproducing the…

Recent years have witnessed great strides in self-supervised learning (SSL) on the speech processing. The SSL model is normally pre-trained on a great variety of unlabelled data and a large model size is preferred to increase the modeling…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has allowed substantial progress in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance in low-resource settings. In this context, it has been demonstrated that larger self-supervised feature extractors are crucial…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based models have been shown to generate powerful representations that can be used to improve the performance of downstream speech tasks. Several state-of-the-art SSL models are available, and each of these…

Children's speech recognition is considered a low-resource task mainly due to the lack of publicly available data. There are several reasons for such data scarcity, including expensive data collection and annotation processes, and data…

Deep learning models trained in a supervised setting have revolutionized audio and speech processing. However, their performance inherently depends on the quantity of human-annotated data, making them costly to scale and prone to poor…

In this study, we gained insight that contributes to achieving accent-robust ASR using only native speech data. In human perception of non-native speech, the phenomenon known as "interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit" (ISIB) is…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is the latest breakthrough in speech processing, especially for label-scarce downstream tasks by leveraging massive unlabeled audio data. The noise robustness of the SSL is one of the important challenges to…