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Scaling large language models has driven remarkable advancements across various domains, yet the continual increase in model size presents significant challenges for real-world deployment. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture offers a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Shwai He , Daize Dong , Liang Ding , Ang Li

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have enabled the scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) by achieving massive parameter counts while maintaining computational efficiency. However, MoEs introduce several…

Sparsely Mixture of Experts (MoE) has received great interest due to its promising scaling capability with affordable computational overhead. MoE converts dense layers into sparse experts, and utilizes a gated routing network to make…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Yuan Xie , Shaohan Huang , Tianyu Chen , Furu Wei

We present a new supervised architecture termed Mediated Mixture-of-Experts (MMoE) that allows us to improve classification accuracy of Deep Convolutional Networks (DCN). Our architecture achieves this with the help of expert networks: A…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-11-20 Sebastian Agethen , Winston H. Hsu

Multi-modal 3D understanding is a fundamental task in computer vision. Previous multi-modal fusion methods typically employ a single, dense fusion network, struggling to handle the significant heterogeneity and complexity across modalities,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Yu Li , Yuenan Hou , Yingmei Wei , Xinge Zhu , Yuexin Ma , Wenqi Shao , Yanming Guo

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models substantially improve performance by increasing the capacity of dense architectures. However, directly training MoE models requires considerable computational resources and introduces extra overhead in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Jiacheng Ruan , Daize Dong , Xiaoye Qu , Tong Zhu , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu , Yu Cheng , Suncheng Xiang

An increasing number of LLMs employ Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures where the feed-forward layer is replaced by a pool of experts and each token only activates a small subset of them. During autoregressive generation, these models…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have shown promising potential for parameter-efficient scaling across domains. However, their application to image classification remains limited, often requiring billion-scale datasets to be competitive. In…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Mathurin Videau , Alessandro Leite , Marc Schoenauer , Olivier Teytaud

The emergence of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, offering enhanced model capacity and computational efficiency through conditional computation. However, deploying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Jiacheng Liu , Peng Tang , Wenfeng Wang , Yuhang Ren , Xiaofeng Hou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Minyi Guo , Chao Li

The emergence of Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs has significantly advanced the development of language models. Compared to traditional LLMs, MoE LLMs outperform traditional LLMs by achieving higher performance with considerably fewer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Cheng Yang , Yang Sui , Jinqi Xiao , Lingyi Huang , Yu Gong , Yuanlin Duan , Wenqi Jia , Miao Yin , Yu Cheng , Bo Yuan

The sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) model is powerful for large-scale pre-training and has achieved promising results due to its model capacity. However, with trillions of parameters, MoE is hard to be deployed on cloud or mobile…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-03 Tianyu Chen , Shaohan Huang , Yuan Xie , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Haoyi Zhou , Jianxin Li , Furu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models improve transformer efficiency but lack a unified theoretical explanation, especially when both feed-forward and attention layers are allowed to specialize. To this end, we study the Mixture-of-Transformers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Hongbo Li , Qinhang Wu , Sen Lin , Yingbin Liang , Ness B. Shroff

Sparsely-activated Mixture-of-experts (MoE) models allow the number of parameters to greatly increase while keeping the amount of computation for a given token or a given sample unchanged. However, a poor expert routing strategy (e.g. one…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Yanqi Zhou , Tao Lei , Hanxiao Liu , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , Vincent Zhao , Andrew Dai , Zhifeng Chen , Quoc Le , James Laudon

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables efficient scaling of large language models by activating only a subset of experts per input token. However, deploying MoE-based models incurs significant memory overhead due to the need to retain all experts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Geng Zhang , Yuxuan Han , Yuxuan Lou , Yiqi Zhang , Wangbo Zhao , Yang You

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have become a key approach for scaling large language models efficiently by activating only a subset of experts during training and inference. Typically, the number of activated experts presents a trade-off:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Yifei He , Yang Liu , Chen Liang , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enhances model performance while maintaining computational efficiency, making it well-suited for large-scale applications. Conventional mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures suffer from suboptimal coordination…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Yujiao Yang , Jing Lian , Linhui Li

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) paradigm provides a powerful way to decompose dense layers into smaller, modular computations often more amenable to human interpretation, debugging, and editability. However, a major challenge lies in the…

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as a critical paradigm for collaborative model training in privacy-sensitive domains such as finance and healthcare. However, most existing VFL frameworks rely on the idealized assumption of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Jon Irureta , Gorka Azkune , Jon Imaz , Aizea Lojo , Javier Fernandez-Marques

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) layers have emerged as an important tool in scaling up modern neural networks by decoupling total trainable parameters from activated parameters in the forward pass for each token. However, sparse MoEs add…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Tianze Jiang , Blake Bordelon , Cengiz Pehlevan , Boris Hanin

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) networks have been proposed as an efficient way to scale up model capacity and implement conditional computing. However, the study of MoE components mostly focused on the feedforward layer in Transformer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-12 Xiaofeng Zhang , Yikang Shen , Zeyu Huang , Jie Zhou , Wenge Rong , Zhang Xiong