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Recent research explores optimization using large language models (LLMs) by either iteratively seeking next-step solutions from LLMs or directly prompting LLMs for an optimizer. However, these approaches exhibit inherent limitations,…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-03-06 Zeyuan Ma , Hongshu Guo , Jiacheng Chen , Guojun Peng , Zhiguang Cao , Yining Ma , Yue-Jiao Gong

For large language models (LLMs), post-training quantization (PTQ) can significantly reduce memory footprint and computational overhead. Model quantization is rapidly evolving. Though many papers report breakthrough results, they are often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Yutong Liu , Cairong Zhao , Guosheng Hu

We present any4, a learned 4-bit weight quantization solution for large language models (LLMs) providing arbitrary numeric representations without requiring pre-processing of weights or activations. any4 yields higher accuracy compared to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Mostafa Elhoushi , Jeff Johnson

Quantization is a widely-used compression technology to reduce the overhead of serving large language models (LLMs) on terminal devices and in cloud data centers. However, prevalent quantization methods, such as 8-bit weight-activation or…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Lian Liu , Haimeng Ren , Long Cheng , Zhaohui Xu , Yudong Pan , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) is increasingly bottlenecked by rollout (generation), where long output sequence lengths make attention and KV-cache memory dominate end-to-end step time. FP8 offers an attractive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Zhaopeng Qiu , Shuang Yu , Jingqi Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Xue Huang , Jingyi Yang , Junjie Lai

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have made a significant impact on various domains. However, LLMs' efficiency suffers from both heavy computation and memory overheads. Compression techniques like sparsification and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable impacts across a wide spectrum of natural language processing tasks. Fine-tuning these pretrained models on downstream datasets provides further significant performance gains; however,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Zhikai Li , Xiaoxuan Liu , Banghua Zhu , Zhen Dong , Qingyi Gu , Kurt Keutzer

In the complex domain of large language models (LLMs), striking a balance between computational efficiency and maintaining model quality is a formidable challenge. Navigating the inherent limitations of uniform quantization, particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-24 Xiaoxia Wu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly increasing in size, with the number of parameters becoming a key factor in the success of many commercial models, such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Bard. Even the recently released publicly accessible…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-19 Somnath Roy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various tasks. However their huge model size and the consequent demand for computational and memory resources also pose challenges to model deployment. Currently, 4-bit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Jiayi Pan , Chengcan Wang , Kaifu Zheng , Yangguang Li , Zhenyu Wang , Bin Feng

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of quantization techniques for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically focusing on Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT). Through empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Jahid Hasan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance and tremendous potential across a wide range of tasks. However, deploying these models has been challenging due to the astronomical amount of model parameters, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Haihao Shen , Hanwen Chang , Bo Dong , Yu Luo , Hengyu Meng

Fine-tuning is a crucial process for adapting large language models (LLMs) to diverse applications. In certain scenarios, such as multi-tenant serving, deploying multiple LLMs becomes necessary to meet complex demands. Recent studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-27 Bowen Ping , Shuo Wang , Hanqing Wang , Xu Han , Yuzhuang Xu , Yukun Yan , Yun Chen , Baobao Chang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder their widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) a more practical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Xiuying Wei , Zhiwei Dong , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

One approach to reducing the massive costs of large language models (LLMs) is the use of quantized or sparse representations for training or deployment. While post-training compression methods are very popular, the question of obtaining…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Andrei Panferov , Jiale Chen , Soroush Tabesh , Roberto L. Castro , Mahdi Nikdan , Dan Alistarh

Large Language Model training with 8-bit floating point (FP8) formats promises significant efficiency improvements, but reduced numerical precision makes training challenging. It is currently possible to train in FP8 only if one is willing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Saaketh Narayan , Abhay Gupta , Mansheej Paul , Davis Blalock

Six-bit quantization (FP6) can effectively reduce the size of large language models (LLMs) and preserve the model quality consistently across varied applications. However, existing systems do not provide Tensor Core support for FP6…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been achieving competent performance on a wide range of downstream tasks, yet existing work shows that inference on structured data is challenging for LLMs. This is because LLMs need to either understand…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Younghun Lee , Sungchul Kim , Ryan A. Rossi , Tong Yu , Xiang Chen