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Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently emerged as competitive alternatives to autoregressive (AR) language models, yet differences in their activation dynamics remain poorly understood. We characterize these dynamics in LLaDA-8B and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Alexander Conzelmann , Albert Catalan-Tatjer , Shiwei Liu

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world applications, scalable and rigorous safety evaluation is essential. This paper introduces Aymara AI, a programmatic platform for generating and administering…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Juan Manuel Contreras

Vision-Language adaptation (VL adaptation) transforms Large Language Models (LLMs) into Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) for multimodal tasks, but this process often compromises the inherent safety capabilities embedded in the original…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Seongyun Lee , Geewook Kim , Jiyeon Kim , Hyunji Lee , Hoyeon Chang , Sue Hyun Park , Minjoon Seo

This research addresses the complex challenge of automated repair of code vulnerabilities, vital for enhancing digital security in an increasingly technology-driven world. The study introduces a novel and efficient format for the…

Despite recent progress, it has been difficult to prevent semantic hallucinations in generative Large Language Models. One common solution to this is augmenting LLMs with a retrieval system and making sure that the generated output is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-16 Renat Aksitov , Chung-Ching Chang , David Reitter , Siamak Shakeri , Yunhsuan Sung

Despite the remarkable versatility of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) to generalize across both language and vision tasks, LLMs and MLLMs have shown vulnerability to jailbreaking, generating textual outputs that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Joonhyun Jeong , Seyun Bae , Yeonsung Jung , Jaeryong Hwang , Eunho Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly become integral to numerous applications in critical domains where reliability is paramount. Despite significant advances in safety frameworks and guardrails, current protective measures exhibit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Bibek Upadhayay , Vahid Behzadan , Ph. D

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) are vulnerable to harmful input compared to their language-only backbones. We investigated this vulnerability by exploring LVLMs internal dynamics, framing their inherent safety understanding in terms of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Wanying Wang , Zeyu Ma , Han Zheng , Xin Tan , Mingang Chen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked widespread concerns about their safety. Recent work demonstrates that safety alignment of LLMs can be easily removed by fine-tuning with a few adversarially chosen…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 Samuele Poppi , Zheng-Xin Yong , Yifei He , Bobbie Chern , Han Zhao , Aobo Yang , Jianfeng Chi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

The rapid adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures marks a major shift in the deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). MoE LLMs improve scaling efficiency by activating only a small subset of parameters per token, but their…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Jona te Lintelo , Lichao Wu , Stjepan Picek

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have underscored their vulnerability to safety alignment jailbreaks, particularly when subjected to downstream fine-tuning. However, existing mitigation strategies primarily focus on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Lei Hsiung , Tianyu Pang , Yung-Chen Tang , Linyue Song , Tsung-Yi Ho , Pin-Yu Chen , Yaoqing Yang

Large language models (LLMs) show inherent brittleness in their safety mechanisms, as evidenced by their susceptibility to jailbreaking and even non-malicious fine-tuning. This study explores this brittleness of safety alignment by…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) bridge the gap between visual and textual data, enabling a range of advanced applications. However, complex internal interactions among visual elements and their alignment with text can introduce…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Zuopeng Yang , Jiluan Fan , Anli Yan , Erdun Gao , Xin Lin , Tao Li , Kanghua Mo , Changyu Dong

Safety-aligned language models systematically refuse harmful requests. While activation steering can modulate refusal, ablating the raw "refusal vector" calculated from contrastive harmful and harmless prompts often causes collateral damage…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Tony Cristofano

Recent advancements in visual context compression enable MLLMs to process ultra-long contexts efficiently by rendering text into images. However, we identify a critical vulnerability inherent to this paradigm: lowering image resolution…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Zhixue Song , Boyan Han , Yiwei Wang , Chi Zhang

Code-mixed discourse combines multiple languages in a single text. It is commonly used in informal discourse in countries with several official languages, but also in many other countries in combination with English or neighboring…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Anjali Yadav , Tanya Garg , Matej Klemen , Matej Ulcar , Basant Agarwal , Marko Robnik Sikonja

Safety-aligned language models often refuse cybersecurity requests whose wording resembles misuse, even when the task is authorized and defensive. This makes security evaluation ambiguous: a failed answer may reflect missing capability or…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Isaac David , Arthur Gervais

Large Language Models (LLMs) are acquiring a wider range of capabilities, including understanding and responding in multiple languages. While they undergo safety training to prevent them from answering illegal questions, imbalances in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Likai Tang , Niruth Bogahawatta , Yasod Ginige , Jiarui Xu , Shixuan Sun , Surangika Ranathunga , Suranga Seneviratne

Modern large language models (LLMs) are typically secured by auditing data, prompts, and refusal policies, while treating the forward pass as an implementation detail. We show that intermediate activations in decoder-only LLMs form a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Zhiyuan Xu , Stanislav Abaimov , Joseph Gardiner , Sana Belguith